Pilot Clinical Study Investigating the Thermal Physiology of Breast Cancer via High-Resolution Infrared Imaging

Lozano, Adolfo; Hayes, Jody C.; Compton, Lindsay; Hassanipour, Fatemeh

doi:10.3390/bioengineering8070086

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…In a study on breast cancer screening datasets, thermal patterns were applied to track vasodilation and blood formation, which showed verification of changes in thermal characteristics of the breast area for cancer leading abnormalities (CLA) [11,15,29]. The results were obtained using different matrix factorization techniques, i.e., NMF [16] and Deep semiNMF [9] and bases embedding [8,9] and were compared with those obtained from other low-rank matrix approximation algorithms to provide a comprehensive analysis [25].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal thermomic biomarkers for early diagnosis of breast cancer

Buitrago,

Azarnoosh,

Maldague

et al. 2023

Thermosense: Thermal Infrared Applications XLV

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Dynamic thermography is a well-established diagnostic tool for breast cancer screening that can be used in conjunction with mammography and clinical breast examination (CBE). Thermographic imaging biomarkers, known as thermomics, have been shown to detect vasodilation in breast tissue, indicating abnormalities and lesions. Heterogeneous thermal patterns also reveal angiogenesis or the formation of new blood vessels. This study applied thermal imaging biomarkers, and thermographic imaging, for breast cancer screening. We applied two low rank embedding approaches, Gaussian and Bell embedding, to obtain the optimal thermomics with the help of elbow method, which resulted in finding breast thermal heterogeneity. Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) was used to create a low-ranked representation of thermal images. High dimensional radiomics and thermomics were then extracted, and feature abundance was reduced using spectral clustering. The best results of the Deep semiNMF with Bell embedding method combining clinical information and demographics yield 81.6% (±3.9%). The model was trained with constant hyperparameters setting across the comparison to predict abnormality, and the results demonstrated promising preliminary performance. Optimal biomarkers have the potential to preserve thermal heterogeneity, leading to early detection of breast cancer, and can serve as a non-invasive tool to aid CBE. Codes corresponded with this proceeding can be found at the following GitHub repository: https://github.com/BardiaYo/SPIEThermosense2023.git

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal thermomic biomarkers for early diagnosis of breast cancer

Buitrago,

Azarnoosh,

Maldague

et al. 2023

Thermosense: Thermal Infrared Applications XLV

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Tumor thermography as an imaging technique based on tumor thermogenesis has been widely employed as a screening tool for BC due to the advantages of no-radiation, objective evaluation, and non-invasiveness ( Hakim and Awale, 2020 ; Lozano et al, 2020 ). In the past, tumor thermogenesis has been mainly attributed to several pro-tumor factors, including tumor metabolism, angiogenesis, and the pro-tumor immune microenvironment ( Shi et al, 2015 ; Gandhi et al, 2021 ; Lozano et al, 2021 ). Kawashima et al reported that UCP1 induced thermogenesis in BC cell lines ( Kawashima et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of UCP1 and UCP2 as Potential Prognostic Markers in Breast Cancer: A Study Based on Immunohistochemical Analysis and Bioinformatics

Shi

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Background: Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and UCP2 are associated with tumor metabolism and immunity. However, the prognostic value and molecular mechanisms underlying their action in breast cancer (BC) remain unclear.Materials and methods: In TCGA-BRCA cohort, we investigated the expression characteristics of UCP mRNAs, analyzed their prognostic value by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, their potential molecular functions by gene set enrichment analysis, and their relationship with immune infiltrating cell types using TIMER and CIBERSORT, along with the assessment of their association with mutational profiles. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed for UCPs in our cohort and their association with BC thermogenesis was assessed by thermal tomography.Results: High expression of UCP1 and UCP2 were positive prognostic markers for BC. UCP1 was associated with the impaired glucose metabolism, while UCP2 with enhanced anti-tumor immunity. High expressions of UCP1 and UCP2 were associated with CDH1 mutations. High UCP1 expression was associated with a high rate of thermogenesis in BC.Conclusions: These results implied a key role of UCP1 and UCP2 in prognosis, metabolism, and immune infiltration in BC. Further investigation of the relevant molecular mechanisms may provide new strategies for BC treatment.

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Early Thermographic Screening of Breast Abnormality in Women with Dense Breast by Thermal, Fractal, and Statistical Analysis

Singh

Tiwari

2022

Artificial Intelligence Over Infrared Images for Medical Applications and Medical Image Assisted Biomarker Discovery

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Objectives: Breast cancer is the prime reason for mortality due to cancer in women across the globe and India. Early screening to identify breast abnormality before the actual symptoms are visible, is the only effective way of reducing associated mortality. Breast thermography, which is a non-invasive, painless, non-toxic, and cost-effective method, can potentially be used for early screening, especially to identify lesions in dense breasts.Methods: The current study is a single-center preliminary thermography based study of 5 malignant and 7 benign female subjects that highlights the correlation of thermal, statistical, and fractal features obtained from thermograms (malignant and benign), with the clinical characteristics of the patients.Results: Comparison of mean surface temperatures of 12 subjects shows that the contralateral breast temperature difference is more than 0.5˚C for malignant cases, whereas, for benign cases, the value is between 0 to 0.2˚C. Also, the fractal dimension of the hot spot boundary in the malignant breast side is greater than the corresponding fractal dimension on the contralateral side. Conclusion:The proposed study is able to identify malignancy in dense breasts cases and benign cases requiring follow-up after screening to reduce the chances of breast cancer progression. Background Breast cancer [1][2][3] is one of the commonly found cancers in women worldwide. Screening and diagnosis at the initial stage of breast cancer is the only effective way to lower the mortality rate. Breast thermography [4][5][6][7] is a potential adjunct screening tool to existing diagnostic methods like mammography, ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This method quanti es the surface temperature of the human body by capturing infra-red radiations emitted by the body surface, using Infrared cameras. The growth of cancerous cells can cause an increase in surface temperature due to pathophysiological changes, i.e. metabolic and vascular changes [8]. Increased metabolic activity results in increased biochemical signaling [9][10]. Change in microvasculature includes the building of new capillary blood vessels (angiogenesis) and vasodilation of blood vessels already present. This can result in a temperature rise [11][12] in cancerous tissue when compared with normal tissue. Existing diagnostic methods like mammography, which is the gold standard technique, have certain limitations like (1) increased chances of cancer with repeated exposure (2) painful method, and (3) not effective for young women having dense breast tissue [13]. MRI is a very effective technique for cancer screening but it is costly and may cause allergic reactions to the patient due to the usage of contrast agents.Clinical breast examination (CBE) is also one of the low-cost key steps in early breast cancer detection when combined with other imaging modalities [14]. Breast thermography is a non-invasive, radiation-free, cost-effective, portable, and contact-less potential screening method for monitoring breast abnormalities. I...

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Pilot Clinical Study Investigating the Thermal Physiology of Breast Cancer via High-Resolution Infrared Imaging

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Optimal thermomic biomarkers for early diagnosis of breast cancer

Optimal thermomic biomarkers for early diagnosis of breast cancer

Identification of UCP1 and UCP2 as Potential Prognostic Markers in Breast Cancer: A Study Based on Immunohistochemical Analysis and Bioinformatics

Early Thermographic Screening of Breast Abnormality in Women with Dense Breast by Thermal, Fractal, and Statistical Analysis

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