Pilot evaluation of influenza virus vaccine (IVV) combined with adjuvant

Keitel, Wendy A.; Couch, R B; Bond, Nicholas J.; Adair, Suzanne F.; Nest, Gary Van; Dekker, Cornelia L.

doi:10.1016/0264-410x(93)90376-9

Cited by 67 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Interestingly, intranasal administration of LT in humans seems to be remarkably free of significant side effects (12). A few emulsion-based adjuvants have induced severe local reactions after injection; these adjuvants include incomplete Freund's adjuvant and DETOX (13,32,34,46). The potent immunostimulation observed with adjuvants has raised concerns about long-term safety, including the possibility of inducing cancer and autoimmunity.…”

Section: Vol 70 2002 Topical Administration Of Etec Vaccines 1063mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcutaneous Immunization Using Colonization Factor and Heat-Labile Enterotoxin Induces Correlates of Protective Immunity for EnterotoxigenicEscherichia coli

Cassels²,

Scharton‐Kersten

et al. 2002

Infect Immun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) diarrheal disease is a worldwide problem that may be addressed by transcutaneous delivery of a vaccine. In several human settings, protective immunity has been associated with immune responses to E. coli colonization factors and to the heat-labile toxin that induces the diarrhea. In this set of animal studies, transcutaneous immunization (TCI) using recombinant colonization factor CS6 and cholera toxin (CT) or heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) as the adjuvant induced immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA anti-CS6 responses in sera and stools and antibody responses that recognized CS6 antigen in its native configuration. The antitoxin immunity induced by TCI was also shown to protect against enteric toxin challenge. Although immunization with LT via the skin induced mucosal secretory IgA responses to LT, protection could also be achieved by intravenous injection of the immune sera. Finally, a malaria vaccine antigen, merzoite surface protein 1 42 administered with CT as the adjuvant, induced both merzoite surface protein antibodies and T-cell responses while conferring protective antitoxin immunity, suggesting that both antiparasitic activity and antidiarrheal activity can be obtained with a single vaccine formulation. Overall, our results demonstrate that relevant colonization factor and antitoxin immunity can be induced by TCI and suggest that an ETEC traveler's diarrhea vaccine could be delivered by using a patch.

show abstract

Section: Vol 70 2002 Topical Administration Of Etec Vaccines 1063mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcutaneous Immunization Using Colonization Factor and Heat-Labile Enterotoxin Induces Correlates of Protective Immunity for EnterotoxigenicEscherichia coli

Cassels²,

Scharton‐Kersten

et al. 2002

Infect Immun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…MTP-PE caused fever and nausea in human cancer patients, but the symptoms declined over time, suggesting desensitization [158]. MTP-PE also caused fever and nausea in healthy volunteers testing a vaccine, but the symptoms disappeared within 48 h [159].…”

Section: Fevermentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Muramyl Peptides on Macrophages, Monokines, and Sleep

Pabst

Beranová-Giorgianni

Krueger

1999

Neuroimmunomodulation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Muramyl peptides are fragments of peptidoglycan from the cell walls of bacteria. Because of their unique chemistry, the immune system recognizes that muramyl peptides are products of bacteria, and it responds by becoming activated to resist infection. This resistance to infection is nonspecific, and extends to unrelated species of bacteria, fungi, and viruses. A key mechanism of the resistance to infection is activation of macrophages. Macrophage activation results in increased production of microbicidal oxygen radicals like superoxide and peroxide, and in increased secretion of inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α. These cytokines, besides activating neutrophils, B lymphocytes, and T lymphocytes, act on the central nervous system to induce physiological responses like fever and sleep. These physiological responses also aid in combating infection. Muramyl peptides also activate macrophages and other cells of the immune system to kill cancer cells. Muramyl peptides and similar agents will become more important as therapeutic agents in the future, due to increasing resistance of microbes to antibiotics, and increasing numbers of patients with immunodeficiencies.

show abstract

“…In several studies with cancer patients refractory to standard therapy, infused with liposomal Mifamurtide at a dose range of 0.01 -1.8 mg/m 2 /dose, dose-dependent fever (in common about 70% of patients) and rigor (about 50% of patients) were the most prominent from a number of acute systemic toxicities (Creaven et al, 1990). Mifamurtide was also assayed as an additional immunomodulator in an MF59-adjuvanted influenza virus vaccine (Keitel et al, 1993) and HIV-1 vaccine (Keefer et al, 1996); systemic symptoms including fever, chill, and nausea made these vaccines unsuitable for clinical use. Today, the main interest lies in clinical trials for liposomal Mifamurtide as a component of three-drug chemotherapy of osteosarcoma (Anderson P.M, 2006;Anderson et al, 2010).…”

Section: Mifamurtide (Mtp-pe)mentioning

confidence: 99%