Pilot's Perception and Control of Aircraft Motions

Hosman, Ruud; Stassen, H.G.

doi:10.1016/s1474-6670(17)40111-x

Cited by 25 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…One of the first large research projects performed on human control behavior at DUT is the work of Hosman and Van der Vaart. 3,4 During the 1980s, they performed extensive research on this subject through a large number of stimulus-response and tracking experiments in the University's (previous) simulators. The results of their research have been used as references for all later research performed in this field at DUT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Hosman and Van der Vaart Tracking Experiment

Pool

Mulder

2007

AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference and Exhibit

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One of the first large research projects on human control behavior performed at Delft University of Technology is the work of Hosman and Van der Vaart. In their tracking experiment, Hosman and Van der Vaart investigated the influence of visual and vestibular motion cues on human control behavior in a situation similar to manual control of an aircraft. In these compensatory tracking tasks, subjects were asked to follow or counteract a signal presented on a central (foveal) display. The changes in performance and control behavior were investigated for the addition of peripheral visual and vestibular motion cues. Both disturbance and target following tasks were performed with exactly the same forcing function signal realization. This resulted in a target following and disturbance task which were both thought to be representative for manual control in actual flight, but yielded a significant difference in task difficulty between both types of task. Because of this discrepancy in task difficulty, it is unsure to what extent the differences between the two types of tracking task observed by Hosman and Van der Vaart actually result from their inherent differences, or are caused by the different levels of task difficulty. This paper describes the results of a recent experiment, highly similar to the tracking experiment of Hosman and Van der Vaart, that was performed in the SIMONA Research Simulator at Delft University of Technology. The goal of this experiment was to measure the effect of different visual and vestibular motion cues on control behavior in compen- satory target following and disturbance tasks of equal difficulty, thereby allowing for clear comparison of use of motion cues in both types of tasks. The results of this experiment indicate that the main trends in tracking performance and control behavior reported by Hosman and Van der Vaart for their target following and disturbance tasks can still be seen as representative for both types of classical compensatory tracking task

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Hosman and Van der Vaart Tracking Experiment

Pool

Mulder

2007

AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference and Exhibit

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“…The complex nature of a human operator demands a collective approach of analysis from the standpoint of control theory, psychology, neurology, and biology of human sensors, such as the eye and vestibular system [2,3,4]. If not properly designed to mitigate various handling issues regarding pilot-vehicle interaction, loss of control (LOC) events such as pilot induced oscillations (PIOs) [5] could happen in which the pilot loses control of the aircraft.…”

Section: Declaration Of Authorshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This quasi-linear model may not necessarily replicate the human control output exactly, but is capable of giving basic information about the behavioral properties of the human controller for control tasks in systems such as aircraft or cars [17]. Such behavioral properties include the system order, bounds on natural frequency, and margins [18,3,4,19]. The most widely used quasi-linear models for human operators resulted from the work of Russell, et al [17], based on extensive experimental studies on different type of systems.…”

Section: Declaration Of Authorshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, factors such as high variability in the control behavior among human operators, as well as their non-linearity and adaptability, can make it challenging to develop any type of real-time human controller performance monitoring or prediction framework. For this research, the human controller was modeled with a McRuer [2,3,4] model, with simulated pitch error as the input and joystick deflection as the output. Only reactive compensatory control was considered in this research-that is, the human controller aimed to reduce pitch angle error.…”

Section: Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are no surveys or questionnaires and no videos will be recorded, participants will be only asked to move the joystick. 4. How findings will be shared: the findings of the aggregate result regarding the effectiveness of the method developed in this research will be published in conference and journal publications.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Real-Time Monitoring and Prediction of the Pilot Vehicle System (PVS) Closed-Loop Stability

Mandal¹

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Understanding human control behavior is an important step for improving the safety of future aircraft. Considerable resources are invested during the design phase of an aircraft to ensure that the aircraft has desirable handling qualities. However, human pilots exhibit a wide range of control behaviors that are a function of external stimuli, aircraft dynamics, and human psychological properties (such as workload, stress, confidence, and sense of urgency). This variability is difficult to address comprehensively during the design phase and may lead to undesirable pilot-aircraft interaction, such as pilot-induced oscillations (PIO). This creates the need to keep track of human pilot performance in real-time to monitor the pilot vehicle system (PVS) stability. This work focused on studying human control behavior using human-in-the-loop (HuIL) experiments to obtain information about the human controlled system (HCS) stability. The main focus of the dissertation is human control model parameter estimation To replicate different flight conditions, this study included time delay and actuator rate limiting phenomena, typical of actuator dynamics, during the experiments. To study human control behavior, this study employed the McRuer model for single-input singleoutput manual compensatory tasks. The McRuer model is a lead-lag controller with time delay which has been shown to adequately model manual compensatory tasks. This dissertation presents a novel technique to estimate McRuer model parameters in real-time and associated validation using HuIL experiments to correctly predict HCS stability. The McRuer model parameters were estimated in real-time using an unscented Kalman filter (UKF) approach. The estimated parameters were then used to analyze the stability of the closed-loop HCS and verify them against the experimental data. I would like to thank my fellow researchers in Interactive Robotics Laboratory for assistance with the flight testing proram. The discussions, colaborative environment and constant encouragement to become a better group member and researcher, thank you. I would also like to thank my committee members Dr. Marcello R. Napolitano, Dr. Mario Perhinschi, Dr. Xiaopeng Ning, and Dr. Sergiy Yakovenko. I appreciate your time and effort to review my thesis and provide helpful comments. I would like to acknowledge the contribution of Stéphane D'Urso for helping me with 3D printing of numerous parts for my experiments. Finally, I would like to thank my family who always taught me to be a better person.

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