Pilot scale conical spouted bed pyrolysis reactor: Draft tube selection and hydrodynamic performance

Makibar, Jon; Fernandez-Akarregi, A.R.; Diaz, Luis A.; López, Gartzen; Olazar, Martı́n

doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2011.12.008

Cited by 70 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The bed was made up of 6 kg of sand (with a Sauter particle diameter of 1.4 mm), guaranteeing a good heat transfer and isothermicity [23]. The fluidizing gas flow rate was 2 times that corresponding to minimum spouting conditions to ensure stable spouting and low residence time of the volatiles in the reactor, and has been set in the 350-360 Nl min −1 range, depending on operation temperature [25]. The gases were previously preheated to a temperature 10-30°C higher than the reaction temperature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the low gas residence times avoid the secondary cracking reactions that reduce bio-oil yield [23]. The particle cyclic movement allows continuously removing the char from the bed as a result of the density difference between pyrolyzed biomass and sand [24,25] and leads to high mass and heat transfer rates, which permits handling biomass particles with irregular texture and higher particle size than in fluidized beds, thus reducing the associated costs [26]. Furthermore, the technology has been scaled up to a 25 kg h − 1 pilot plant as a result of the collaboration between IK4-Ikerlan Research Centre and the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the technology has been scaled up to a 25 kg h − 1 pilot plant as a result of the collaboration between IK4-Ikerlan Research Centre and the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) [27]. Thus, the scale-up problems related to bed stability and high gas flow rates have been adequately solved by means of internal devices [25]. Additionally, two strategies have been proposed to progress towards industrial scale of the conical spouted bed technology for biomass flash pyrolysis: vacuum operation to reduce gas flow rate and enhance bio-oil collection [24]; and oxidative pyrolysis as a way to attain autothermal regime [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Performance of a conical spouted bed pilot plant for bio-oil production by poplar flash pyrolysis

Makibar

Fernandez-Akarregi

Amutio

et al. 2015

Fuel Processing Technology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Performance of a conical spouted bed pilot plant for bio-oil production by poplar flash pyrolysis

Makibar

Fernandez-Akarregi

Amutio

et al. 2015

Fuel Processing Technology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…However, even though the extensive research performed mainly at lab scale and, more recently, in fully developed pilot plants [63,67,68,[71][72][73], there is still a lack of technical information regarding specific scaled-up solutions. To the knowledge of the authors, only one industrial-scale prototype has been developed for the continuous drying of paddy able to handle 3500 kg/h and temperatures up to 160 • C [74].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of Spouted and Spout-Fluid Beds: Key for Their Successful Scale Up

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The development of robust mathematical models could provide the necessary tools for a more rapid, efficient, and reliable spouted bed technology development. Computer simulations can be very useful to aid this design and scale-up process: firstly, they can contribute to obtain a fundamental insight into their complex dynamic behavior by understanding the elementary physical principles such as drag, friction, dissipation etc.; secondly, the simulations can be used as a design tool where the ultimate goal is to have a numerical model with predictive capabilities for gas-particle flows at engineering scale. Clearly, one single simulation method will not be able to achieve this goal, but a hierarchy of methods modelling phenomena on different length and time scales can achieve this. The most fruitful approach will be when they are simultaneously followed, so that they can mutually benefit from each other. In this sense, this paper presents a review of the current state of the art of modelling on spouted and spout-fluid beds through an analysis of recent literature following a multiscale approach (molecular and particle, lab, plant and industrial scale). The main features of the different scales together with their current limits are discussed and specific topics are highlighted as paths that still need to be explored. In summary, the paper aims to define the theoretical setline and the basis of improvement that would lead to a robust multiscale model with solid links between micro and macroscopic phenomena. If done with the correct balance between accuracy and computational costs it will gear SB towards their reliable and successful implementation.

show abstract

“…If the jet velocity increases significantly, the bed porosity of central core increases and consequently the mass transfer coefficient decreases; therefore, the highest mass transfer coefficient is achieved approximately in the minimum spouting velocity. Since the minimum spouting velocity is a specified value for a special bed configuration, central duct position, bed height and particles diameter, the mass transfer coefficient can be improved only by optimization of the reactor configuration especially the central duct position for a specified bed height and particles diameter (Baghban and Mehrabani-Zeinabad 2012;Makibar et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of cadmium ion electrochemical removal from dilute aqueous solutions by application of multi-stage electrolysis

Baghban

Mehrabani-Zeinabad

Moheb

2014

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Improvement of cadmium ion electrochemical removal from dilute aqueous solutions in a spouted bed reactor was investigated. Enlargement of cathode surface area from 1,000 to 1,500 cm 2 resulted in a decrease of nearly 30 % in both of the process time and the specific energy consumption. Application of a three-stage electrolysis process for a solution containing initial concentration of 270 ppm cadmium ion, resulted in the removal of 99.9 % cadmium ion in 135 min with the specific energy consumption of 2.29 kWh/kg, 23 % less than the value of a single-stage process. For a solution with cadmium ion initial concentration of 180 ppm, 99.9 % of cadmium ion was removed in 135.5 min by application of a two-stage electrolysis process, while the specific energy consumption was 2.82 kWh/kg, 30 % less than that of a single-stage process. For a solution with cadmium ion initial concentration of 90 ppm, 99.5 % of cadmium ion was removed in 100.2 min with the specific energy consumption of 3.78 kWh/kg in a single-stage electrolysis process.

show abstract

Pilot scale conical spouted bed pyrolysis reactor: Draft tube selection and hydrodynamic performance

Cited by 70 publications

References 43 publications

Performance of a conical spouted bed pilot plant for bio-oil production by poplar flash pyrolysis

Performance of a conical spouted bed pilot plant for bio-oil production by poplar flash pyrolysis

Modelling of Spouted and Spout-Fluid Beds: Key for Their Successful Scale Up

Improvement of cadmium ion electrochemical removal from dilute aqueous solutions by application of multi-stage electrolysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About