Pilot-Scale Liquid Culture and Harvesting of an Entomopathogenic Nematode,Heterorhabditis bacteriophora

Surrey, Michael; Davies, Rebecca

doi:10.1006/jipa.1996.0013

Cited by 50 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…The mass production strategy would be more efficient for commercialization by shortening the recovery period of IJs [2]. Recovery is crucial to achieve an economically feasible nematode mass production process [5].…”

Section: Results Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) of the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis have long been recognized as effective biocontrol agents [1,2]. These microscopic round worms may be used to control a wide variety of economically important agricultural pests and act as potent bioinsecticides in an effectual, environmentally suitable approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There, these EPN develop, mate, and produce eggs. Subsequently a new generation of IJs is produced, which upon depletion of nutrients, exit the host to search for new insect targets [2,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In vitro liquid culture technology of these nematodes has been studied by a number of research and commercial organizations [2,11]. The establishment of artificial media for liquid culture technology is a foremost step toward commercial production of these EPNs [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lab-scale in vitro Mass Production of the Entomopathogenic Nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Using Liquid Culture Fermentation Technology

Upadhyay¹

2015

BIO

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Abstract:The objective of this research is to develop fermentation methodology for the production of the biocontrol agent Heterorhabditis bacteriophora. Deployment of this organism will reduce the use of chemical insecticides which threaten the environment. This study shows how to produce the entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and its bacterial symbiont Photorhabdus luminescens utilizing an in vitro, monoxenic liquid culture. EPNs were cultured in three different bioreactor working volumes of 1.5, 4 and 7 liters with initial nematode inoculation concentrations of approximately 2x10 3 /mL. Liquid nematode media was conditioned with the bacterial symbiont 24 hours prior to nematode inoculation. Within three days after inoculation, infective juveniles (IJs) developed into self-fertilizing hermaphrodites and eventually produced IJ offspring. Maximum nematode densities were obtained seven days post-nematode inoculation. All three working volumes (1.5, 4 and 7 liters) produced final yields of 4.6x10 4 ± 2000 IJs/mL, 4.2x10 4 ± 2200 IJs/mL and 3.9x10 4 ± 2000 IJs/mL, respectively. In vitro scale-up technology can be further optimized for production of this biocontrol agent by improving media formulation, process parameters, bioreactor design and inoculation times that will maximize nematode yield.

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Section: Results Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lab-scale in vitro Mass Production of the Entomopathogenic Nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Using Liquid Culture Fermentation Technology

Upadhyay¹

2015

BIO

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“…13, 14) and pH [47]. The phase I inoculation concentration should be *2.5 % of the growth media volume and tested for luminosity and contamination prior to fermentor Swine kidney/bovine fat 0.5 L Polyether/urethane sponges [35] Lipid culture media 50 mL Increasing lipids [66] Chicken offal 10 L Paddle-stirred [54] Nutrient roux 0.25 L Polyurethane foam; soy flour [12] Modified wouts' 1 20 L Air lift [69] Modified wouts' 2 20 and 500 L Milk powder [69] Liquid culture medium 5 L Increased aeration rates [37] Liquid nematode media 10 L Variable agitation rates; egg yolks [16] Nematode growth media 0.5-2 L Cholesterol, liver extract, upscale. After inoculation, P. luminescens is grown for 24 h at 28°C, with an air flow rate of 1 vvm and agitation of 100 rpm [64].…”

Section: Culture Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Production of the Beneficial Nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Its Bacterial Symbiont Photorhabdus luminescens

2012

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Entomoparasitic nematodes (EPNs) are being commercialized as a biocontrol measure for crop insect pests, as they provide advantages over common chemical insecticides. Mass production of these nematodes in liquid media has become a major challenge for commercialization. Producers are not willing to share the trade secrets of mass production and by doing so, have made culturing EPNs extremely difficult to advance existing technologies. Theoretically, mass production in liquid media is an ideal culturing method as it increases cost efficiency and nematode quantity. This paper will review current culturing methodologies and suggest basic culturing parameters for mass production. This review is focused on Heterorhabditis bacteriophora; however, this information can be useful for other nematode species.

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Scaleable downstream recovery of nematodes used as biopesticides

Wilson

Pearce²,

Shamlou

2001

Biotech & Bioengineering

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This study assesses the suitability of sieving as a scaleable technique for the separation of adult nematodes from infective juveniles, the latter is an effective bioinsecticide whereas the former is waste material resulting from the fermentation process. Batch and semibatch experiments using conventional flow-assisted wet sieving and a novel cross-flow sieving technique were used to study the separation of juveniles from adult nematodes. The experiments were carried out using small-scale devices and the data were analyzed in terms of the screen effectiveness factor. The results were used to identify the sieve size and operating conditions for optimum juvenile recovery. It was found that, for a given species of nematode, optimum recovery was achieved when sieving was carried out in the cross-flow mode, the maximum recovery being a function of the size of the screen. Industrial-scale self-cleaning equipment capable of large-scale continuous screening was used to confirm the capacity of the small-scale operation for scale-up. Experimental results with this unit showed that in continuous operation sieving time is an additional parameter that influences separation performance.

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Pilot-Scale Liquid Culture and Harvesting of an Entomopathogenic Nematode,Heterorhabditis bacteriophora

Cited by 50 publications

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Lab-scale <i>in vitro</i> Mass Production of the Entomopathogenic Nematode <i>Heterorhabditis bacteriophora</i> Using Liquid Culture Fermentation Technology

Lab-scale <i>in vitro</i> Mass Production of the Entomopathogenic Nematode <i>Heterorhabditis bacteriophora</i> Using Liquid Culture Fermentation Technology

Mass Production of the Beneficial Nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Its Bacterial Symbiont Photorhabdus luminescens

Scaleable downstream recovery of nematodes used as biopesticides

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Pilot-Scale Liquid Culture and Harvesting of an Entomopathogenic Nematode,Heterorhabditis bacteriophora

Cited by 50 publications

References 0 publications

Lab-scale &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; Mass Production of the Entomopathogenic Nematode &lt;i&gt;Heterorhabditis bacteriophora&lt;/i&gt; Using Liquid Culture Fermentation Technology

Lab-scale &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; Mass Production of the Entomopathogenic Nematode &lt;i&gt;Heterorhabditis bacteriophora&lt;/i&gt; Using Liquid Culture Fermentation Technology

Mass Production of the Beneficial Nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Its Bacterial Symbiont Photorhabdus luminescens

Scaleable downstream recovery of nematodes used as biopesticides

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Lab-scale <i>in vitro</i> Mass Production of the Entomopathogenic Nematode <i>Heterorhabditis bacteriophora</i> Using Liquid Culture Fermentation Technology

Lab-scale <i>in vitro</i> Mass Production of the Entomopathogenic Nematode <i>Heterorhabditis bacteriophora</i> Using Liquid Culture Fermentation Technology