Pilot Study: Does Contamination with Enniatin B and Beauvericin Affect the Antioxidant Capacity of Cereals Commonly Used in Animal Feeding?

Serra, Valentina; Salvatori, Giancarlo; Pastorelli, G.

doi:10.3390/plants10091835

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Conversely, they acted antagonistically relative to cell death, which was significantly induced by ENB and counteracted by DON [65]. Furthermore, a pilot study reports that treatments with ENB reduced the antioxidant capacity in wheat, confirming the role of this mycotoxin in the induction of oxidative stress [79].…”

Section: Host Plantsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Impact of Enniatin and Deoxynivalenol Co-Occurrence on Plant, Microbial, Insect, Animal and Human Systems: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Valenti

Tini

Sevarika

et al. 2023

Toxins

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Fusarium mycotoxins commonly contaminate agricultural products resulting in a serious threat to both animal and human health. The co-occurrence of different mycotoxins in the same cereal field is very common, so the risks as well as the functional and ecological effects of mycotoxins cannot always be predicted by focusing only on the effect of the single contaminants. Enniatins (ENNs) are among the most frequently detected emerging mycotoxins, while deoxynivalenol (DON) is probably the most common contaminant of cereal grains worldwide. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the simultaneous exposure to these mycotoxins, with emphasis on the combined effects in multiple organisms. Our literature analysis shows that just a few studies on ENN–DON toxicity are available, suggesting the complexity of mycotoxin interactions, which include synergistic, antagonistic, and additive effects. Both ENNs and DON modulate drug efflux transporters, therefore this specific ability deserves to be explored to better understand their complex biological role. Additionally, future studies should investigate the interaction mechanisms of mycotoxin co-occurrence on different model organisms, using concentrations closer to real exposures.

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Section: Host Plantsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Impact of Enniatin and Deoxynivalenol Co-Occurrence on Plant, Microbial, Insect, Animal and Human Systems: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Valenti

Tini

Sevarika

et al. 2023

Toxins

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show abstract

“…ENN and BEA possess amphiphilic properties, as they have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. This characteristic influences their interactions with biological membranes and contributes to their bioactivities, including antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, insecticidal, and ionophoric activities. ,− However, ENN and BEA are also common contaminants of food and feed. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Selectivity in the Binding of Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth Metals, First-Row Transition Metals, and Lanthanides with Cyclic Depsipeptides

Nkyaagye,

Limbach,

2024

J. Phys. Chem. B

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Beauvericin (BEA) and enniatins (ENN) are cyclic hexadepsipeptide mycotoxins known for their ionophoric activities across cell membranes. While their ability to selectively bind alkali ions to form binary complexes has been studied, their interaction with multivalent metal ions to form higher-order complexes remains less explored. We report the unique characteristics of the 1:2, M n+ :BEA or ENN complexes with monovalent, divalent, and trivalent metal ions. A thorough IMS-MS analysis underscores the substantial interplay among ionic radii, coordination numbers, and their impact on conformational selection within higher-order complexes that is pertinent to ion transport. Transition metals offer insights into the effects of ion radii and ligand side chains on conformational selection, while lanthanide complexes enable a direct evaluation of coordination chemistry. An intriguing finding concerning the lanthanide complexes involves an unexpected C−H bond activation, wherein water ligands may catalyze the deprotonation of the cyclic peptides.

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“…Early experiments in plants described an inhibition of germination and induction of wilting [ 68 , 69 ]. Recent studies have demonstrated the induction of cell death, oxidative stress, as well as the reduction of shoot length in response to ENB [ 37 , 70 ]. The role of ENNs in F. avenaceum virulence was preliminarily hypothesized [ 71 ] and subsequently confirmed in potato tubers [ 72 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison between the role of enniatins and deoxynivalenol in Fusarium virulence on different tissues of common wheat

Beccari,

Tini,

Foroud

et al. 2024

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium avenaceum are two of the most important causal agents of Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat. They can produce mycotoxins that accumulate in infected wheat heads, including deoxynivalenol (DON) and enniatins (ENNs), produced by F. graminearum and F. avenaceum, respectively. While the role of DON as a virulence factor in F. graminearum toward wheat is well known, ENNs in F. avenaceum has been poorly explored. Results obtained to-date indicate that ENNs may confer an advantage to F. avenaceum only on particular hosts. Results In this study, with the use of ENN-producing and ENN non-producing F. avenaceum strains, the role of ENNs on F. avenaceum virulence was investigated on the root, stem base and head of common wheat, and compared with the role of DON, using DON-producing and DON non-producing F. graminearum strains. The DON-producing F. graminearum strain showed a significantly higher ability to cause symptoms and colonise each of the tested tissues than the non-producing strain. On the other hand, the ability to produce ENNs increased initial symptoms of the disease and fungal biomass accumulation, measured by qPCR, only in wheat heads, and not in roots or stem bases. LC-MS/MS analysis was used to confirm the presence of ENNs and DON in the different strains, and results, both in vitro and in wheat heads, were consistent with the genetics of each strain. Conclusion While the key role of DON on F. graminearum virulence towards three different wheat tissues was noticeable, ENNs seemed to have a role only in influencing F. avenaceum virulence on common wheat heads probably due to an initial delay in the appearance of symptoms.

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Pilot Study: Does Contamination with Enniatin B and Beauvericin Affect the Antioxidant Capacity of Cereals Commonly Used in Animal Feeding?

Cited by 4 publications

References 46 publications

Impact of Enniatin and Deoxynivalenol Co-Occurrence on Plant, Microbial, Insect, Animal and Human Systems: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Impact of Enniatin and Deoxynivalenol Co-Occurrence on Plant, Microbial, Insect, Animal and Human Systems: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Molecular Selectivity in the Binding of Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth Metals, First-Row Transition Metals, and Lanthanides with Cyclic Depsipeptides

A comparison between the role of enniatins and deoxynivalenol in Fusarium virulence on different tissues of common wheat

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