Pilot Study on Dose-Dependent Effects of Transcranial Photobiomodulation on Brain Electrical Oscillations: A Potential Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer’s Disease

Spera, Vincenza; Sitnikova, Tatiana; Ward, Meredith J.; Farzam, Parya; Hughes, Jeremy; Gazecki, Samuel; Bui, Éric; Maiello, Marco; Taboada, Luis De; Hamblin, Michael R.; Franceschini, Maria Angela; Cassano, Paolo

doi:10.3233/jad-210058

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Thus, the reduction in this metric could be attributed to a significant reduction in global integration (as reflected by a reduction in GE) and/or a significant increase in global segregation of the brain network caused by tPBM. These observed significant effects of tPBM on SW taking place only in Stim2 could result from the resistance of resting-state networks against changes in network composition as well as the dose-dependent nature of tPBM-induced effects on neural activity [89,90]. However, a possible explanation for the lack of significant alterations in synchronization and GE in Stim2 could be the high variability in the functional topography of the frontoparietal network [78].…”

Section: Tpbm-induced Alterations In Global Measures Of Functional Ne...mentioning

confidence: 98%

Neuromodulation of brain power topography and network topology by prefrontal transcranial photobiomodulation

et al. 2022

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Objective. Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) has shown promising benefits, including cognitive improvement, in healthy humans and in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. In this study, we aimed to identify key cortical regions that present significant changes caused by tPBM in the electroencephalogram (EEG) oscillation powers and functional connectivity in the healthy human brain. Approach. A 64-channel EEG was recorded from 45 healthy participants during a 13-min period consisting of a 2-min baseline, 8-min tPBM/sham intervention, and 3-min recovery. After pre-processing and normalizing the EEG data at the five EEG rhythms, cluster-based permutation tests were performed for multiple comparisons of spectral power topographies, followed by graph-theory analysis (GTA) as a topological approach for quantification of brain connectivity metrics at global and nodal/cluster levels. Main results. EEG power enhancement was observed in clusters of channels over the frontoparietal regions in the alpha band and the centroparietal regions in the beta band. The global measures of the network revealed a reduction in synchronization, global efficiency, and small-worldness of beta band connectivity, implying an enhancement of brain network complexity. In addition, in the beta band, nodal graphical analysis demonstrated significant increases in local information integration and centrality over the frontal clusters, accompanied by a decrease in segregation over the bilateral frontal, left parietal, and left occipital regions. Significance. Frontal tPBM increased EEG alpha and beta powers in the frontal-central-parietal regions, enhanced the complexity of the global beta-wave brain network, and augmented local information flow and integration of beta oscillations across prefrontal cortical regions. This study sheds light on the potential link between electrophysiological effects and human cognitive improvement induced by tPBM.

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Section: Tpbm-induced Alterations In Global Measures Of Functional Ne...mentioning

confidence: 98%

Neuromodulation of brain power topography and network topology by prefrontal transcranial photobiomodulation

et al. 2022

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“…However, research on the mechanism of tPBM-evoked electrophysiological effects in the human brain is on its early stage with only a handful of publications ( Berman et al, 2017 ; Vargas et al, 2017 ; Zomorrodi et al, 2019 ; Ghaderi et al, 2021 ; Spera et al, 2021 ), besides ours ( Wang et al, 2017 , 2019 ), in the last 4–5 years. Most of these studies have reported alterations of electroencephalography (EEG) powers by tPBM compared to sham stimulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of Group Singular Value Decomposition and eLORETA Identifies Human EEG Networks and Responses to Transcranial Photobiomodulation

Wang

Wanniarachchi

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Transcranial Photobiomodulation (tPBM) has demonstrated its ability to alter electrophysiological activity in the human brain. However, it is unclear how tPBM modulates brain electroencephalogram (EEG) networks and is related to human cognition. In this study, we recorded 64-channel EEG from 44 healthy humans before, during, and after 8-min, right-forehead, 1,064-nm tPBM or sham stimulation with an irradiance of 257 mW/cm2. In data processing, a novel methodology by combining group singular value decomposition (gSVD) with the exact low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA) was implemented and performed on the 64-channel noise-free EEG time series. The gSVD+eLORETA algorithm produced 11 gSVD-derived principal components (PCs) projected in the 2D sensor and 3D source domain/space. These 11 PCs took more than 70% weight of the entire EEG signals and were justified as 11 EEG brain networks. Finally, baseline-normalized power changes of each EEG brain network in each EEG frequency band (delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma) were quantified during the first 4-min, second 4-min, and post tPBM/sham periods, followed by comparisons of frequency-specific power changes between tPBM and sham conditions. Our results showed that tPBM-induced increases in alpha powers occurred at default mode network, executive control network, frontal parietal network and lateral visual network. Moreover, the ability to decompose EEG signals into individual, independent brain networks facilitated to better visualize significant decreases in gamma power by tPBM. Many similarities were found between the cortical locations of SVD-revealed EEG networks and fMRI-identified resting-state networks. This consistency may shed light on mechanistic associations between tPBM-modulated brain networks and improved cognition outcomes.

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“…In patients suffering from either chronic stroke or Alzheimer’s disease, both of which have abnormally functioning networks, photobiomodulation could strengthen and influence functional connectivity within the default mode network itself, together with its connectivity with other networks, for example the salience and central executive networks ( Chao, 2019 ; Naeser et al, 2019 ). In essence, in these damaged and/or diseased states, photobiomodulation may help correct the imbalance of functional connectivity, restoring the connectivity between cortical areas to “normal” levels ( Saltmarche et al, 2017 ; Chao, 2019 ; Naeser et al, 2019 ; Zomorrodi et al, 2019 ; Spera et al, 2021 ). These improvements in functional connectivity manifest in improvements in cognition and memory in, for example, Alzheimer’s disease patients ( Lim, 2014 ; Berman et al, 2017 ; Saltmarche et al, 2017 ; Chao, 2019 ; Baik et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Photobiomodulation and Wakefulnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of photobiomodulation on the brain during wakefulness and sleep

et al. 2022

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Over the last seventy years or so, many previous studies have shown that photobiomodulation, the use of red to near infrared light on body tissues, can improve central and peripheral neuronal function and survival in both health and in disease. These improvements are thought to arise principally from an impact of photobiomodulation on mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial mechanisms in a range of different cell types, including neurones. This impact has downstream effects on many stimulatory and protective genes. An often-neglected feature of nearly all of these improvements is that they have been induced during the state of wakefulness. Recent studies have shown that when applied during the state of sleep, photobiomodulation can also be of benefit, but in a different way, by improving the flow of cerebrospinal fluid and the clearance of toxic waste-products from the brain. In this review, we consider the potential differential effects of photobiomodulation dependent on the state of arousal. We speculate that the effects of photobiomodulation is on different cells and systems depending on whether it is applied during wakefulness or sleep, that it may follow a circadian rhythm. We speculate further that the arousal-dependent photobiomodulation effects are mediated principally through a biophoton – ultra-weak light emission – network of communication and repair across the brain.

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Pilot Study on Dose-Dependent Effects of Transcranial Photobiomodulation on Brain Electrical Oscillations: A Potential Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer’s Disease

Cited by 25 publications

References 70 publications

Neuromodulation of brain power topography and network topology by prefrontal transcranial photobiomodulation

Neuromodulation of brain power topography and network topology by prefrontal transcranial photobiomodulation

Combination of Group Singular Value Decomposition and eLORETA Identifies Human EEG Networks and Responses to Transcranial Photobiomodulation

The effect of photobiomodulation on the brain during wakefulness and sleep

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