Pilot study: The application of a multicomponent exercise for older people in a depopulated rural area

Effect of a multicomponent programme based on reality orientation therapy on the physical performance and cognitive function of elderly community‐dwellers: a quasi‐experimental study

“…According to the result of the comparison test between the groups, improved memory function or information processing speed as reflected in the WM or the SDST was documented similarly in both groups, as well as improvement in physical performance as assessed by the SS‐5. These findings in the present study led us to conclude that the multicomponent ROT programme might be as effective as conventional multicomponent programmes involved in physical or cognitive load of dual tasks using an aerobic exercise and cognitive tasks to stimulate attention and memory 6,8–11 …”

“…Yan et al focused on the effectiveness of exercise-centred multicomponent programmes that combined aerobic, endurance, balance, and flexibility exercises on cognition (especially, executive function), physical performance (muscle strength and walking speed), and activities of daily living in older people with dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 1 and their findings were consistent with the findings reported by Borges-Machado et al 2 and Venegas-Sanabria et al 3 Some randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of multicomponent exercise programmes conducted under multitask conditions designed to stimulate attention and memory have yielded positive outcomes not only on gait performance but on general cognition, as scored in the Mini-Mental State Examination, and the logical memory of immediate recall in older healthy participants, MCI participants, and amnestic MCI participants. [4][5][6][7] The preliminary results of our previous studies have similarly confirmed the effectiveness of a multicomponent exercise programme combined with aerobic exercise and cognitive tasks on physical performance in terms of usual walking speed, the results of the sit-to-stand test, cognitive ability of memory function or information processing speed, [8][9][10][11] and a considerable number of studies have also been conducted over the past few decades on the positive effects of multicomponent exercise programmes in improving health-related issues in elderly individuals. On the other hand, we have observed some individuals who could not keep participating in the exercisebased programme.…”

Age‐friendly interventions in rural and remote areas: A scoping review

“…A few Japanese studies ( n = 3) that evaluated exercise programs measured objective clinical outcomes such as gait stability and motor function. 16 , 17 , 18 …”

“… 32 , 33 There were studies that indicated the limited access to services such as palliative care, general health clinics, mental health, and specialty health services. 15 , 34 , 35 Factors such as geographical isolation, 36 financial constraints, 30 , 37 transportation issues, 18 , 38 and lack of rural health facilities and healthcare staff 39 , 40 were identified as complicating access to healthcare.…”

Effect of a dual-task exercise to motor and memory function for Japanese older individuals in depopulated rural districts: preliminary intervention research from 2016 to 2019

“…This research was conducted from 2016 to 2019, including the Katagami's study, and our previous studies at Oga and Higashinaruse areas (Kume et al, 2017(Kume et al, , 2019. Thirty-five participants (age [mean±SD] 72.0±5.4 years; education, 11.4±2.3 years; %female, 94%) without a history of neurological, psychiatric disorders, and dementia were recruited from rural areas in Akita prefecture.…”