Pinch-off process of Burke–Schumann flame under acoustic excitation

Suppression of Thermoacoustic Instabilities Using an Electric Field and Feedback Control

“…If the flame surface displacement becomes large enough, the tip of the flame can pinch-off and a separate unburned reactant pocket forms [64] . High-speed imaging of the flame revealed this pinch-off phenomenon to occur during the thermoacoustic oscillation, as shown in the 60° image of Figure 6-1.…”