Pine Vole Diet Quality in Relation to Apple Tree Root Damage

Servello, Frederick A.; Kirkpatrick, Roy L.; Webb, K. E.; Tipton, Alan R.

doi:10.2307/3801177

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Eighteen of 20 mean DE values ranged from 63 to 73 % . Two Virginia orchards sampled in 1981 also showed similarly high diet digestibility values for pine voles from August to April (range = 67.2 -76.6 %) (Servello et al 1984). A mean diet DE value of less than 60% occurred only once in this study (in July in the A1 orchard); however, a combination of unusually high temperatures during that month and the orchard's location on a dry hillside may have caused forage quality to be lower there.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Previous research has typically focused on the quality of handcollected forages (Evans 1973;Batzli and Cole 1979;Goldberg et al 1980;Lindroth and Batzli 1984). Recently, Servello et al (1983) reported a technique for estimating diet digestibility from pine vole (Microtus pinetorum) stomach contents, and Servello et al (1984) found relatively little variation in pine vole diet digestibility in two maintained orchards examined from August through April. The present study was conducted to obtain more information on seasonal variation in diet digestibility of pine voles in two orchard habitat types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Seasonal variation in diet digestibility of pine voles

MacPherson¹,

Servello²,

Kirkpatrick³

1988

Can. J. Zool.

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Seasonal and habitat variation in diet digestibility of pine voles (Microtus pinetorum) in four apple orchards was estimated using regression equations and the Van Soest analysis of stomach contents. The estimated percent digestible energy of diets in the four orchards varied from 57 to 72% during the year but a uniform seasonal pattern was not found among orchards. Weights of stomach contents declined markedly during winter in all four habitats.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Seasonal variation in diet digestibility of pine voles

MacPherson¹,

Servello²,

Kirkpatrick³

1988

Can. J. Zool.

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“…2006). However, the consumption of bark and roots has mostly been attributed to the lack of good quality alternative food sources, especially during winter, rather than to the high nutritional quality of these plant parts (Servello 1984; Bucyanayandi et al. 1992; Verheyden et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Verheyden et al 2006). However, the consumption of bark and roots has mostly been attributed to the lack of good quality alternative food sources, especially during winter, rather than to the high nutritional quality of these plant parts (Servello 1984;Bucyanayandi et al 1992;Verheyden et al 2006). Similarly, elephant impact on trees is especially prevalent during the dry season when elephant switch from a diet dominated by grass to browse because grass quality decreases to below the animal's maintenance requirements during this time (Barnes 1982;Beekman & Prins 1989;Pretorius 2009) and an increased consumption of woody material indicates nutritional stress (O'Connor, Goodman & Clegg 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

Soil nutrient status determines how elephant utilize trees and shape environments

Pretorius

Boer

Waal

et al. 2011

Journal of Animal Ecology

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Summary1. Elucidation of the mechanism determining the spatial scale of patch selection by herbivores has been complicated by the way in which resource availability at a specific scale is measured and by vigilance behaviour of the herbivores themselves. To reduce these complications, we studied patch selection by an animal with negligible predation risk, the African elephant. 2. We introduce the concept of nutrient load as the product of patch size, number of patches and local patch nutrient concentration. Nutrient load provides a novel spatially explicit expression of the total available nutrients a herbivore can select from. 3. We hypothesized that elephant would select nutrient-rich patches, based on the nutrient load per 2500 m 2 down to the individual plant scale, and that this selection will depend on the nitrogen and phosphorous contents of plants. 4. We predicted that elephant would cause more adverse impact to trees of lower value to them in order to reach plant parts with higher nutrient concentrations such as bark and root. However, elephant should maintain nutrient-rich trees by inducing coppicing of trees through re-utilization of leaves. 5. Elephant patch selection was measured in a homogenous tree species stand by manipulating the spatial distribution of soil nutrients in a large field experiment using NPK fertilizer. 6. Elephant were able to select nutrient-rich patches and utilized Colophospermum mopane trees inside these patches more than outside, at scales ranging from 2500 down to 100 m 2 . 7. Although both nitrogen and phosphorus contents of leaves from C. mopane trees were higher in fertilized and selected patches, patch choice correlated most strongly with nitrogen content. As predicted, stripping of leaves occurred more in nutrient-rich patches, while adverse impact such as uprooting of trees occurred more in nutrient-poor areas. 8. Our results emphasize the necessity of including scale-dependent selectivity in foraging studies and how elephant foraging behaviour can be used as indicators of change in the availability of nutrients.

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“…The present paper reports on studies on the digestion of forage components by pine and meadow voles using the comprehensive system of feed analysis described by Van Soest (1967). Our objectives were to ( i ) examine the digestive capabilities of pine and meadow voles, (ii) examine the relationships of feed constituents to fiber digestion, and (iii) compare these data with available data (MacPherson et al 1985) were analyzed by the method of Goering and Van Soest (1970) for levels of neutral detergent solubles (NDS), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and lignin as described by Servello et al (1983Servello et al ( , 1984. Lignin was determined using potassium permanganate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digestion of forage components by pine and meadow voles

Servello¹,

MacPherson²,

Kirkpatrick³

et al. 1985

Can. J. Zool.

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JR. 1985. Digestion of forage components by pine and meadow voles. Can. J. Zool. 63: 1023 -1026. A Van Soest analysis of feed and fecal samples from 24 digestion trials with pine voles (Microtuspinetorum) and 18 digestion trials with meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) was used to examine the digestive capabilities of these species and the effect of feed constituents on fiber digestion. The neutral detergent soluble fraction of feeds and forages (NDS) was the most readily available for voles. Percent neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility was variable and inversely related (P = 0.0001) to the percent NDF of the diets for both pine and meadow voles. NDF digestibility was not related (P > 0.30) to the percentage of lignin in the NDF or acid detergent fiber (ADF). NDF digestion accounted for 15 and 21 % of the dry matter digested by pine voles and meadow voles, respectively, on a high fiber diet (40% NDF). SERVELLO, F. A., S. L. MACPHERSON, R. L. KIRKPATRICK et K. E. WEBB, JR. 1985. Digestion of forage components by pine and meadow voles. Can. J. Zool. 63: 1023 -1026. Une analyse de Van Soest des aliments et des feces au cours de 24 experiences sur la digestion de campagnols sylvestres (Microtus pinetorum) et au cours de 18 expkriences sur la digestion de campagnols des pres (Microtus pennsylvanicus) a permis d'examiner les proprietks digestives de ces especes et de determiner l'effet de la nature des aliments sur la digestion des fibres.Les substances solubles dans un dttersif neutre (NDS) constituent la fraction la plus digestible des aliments chez les campagnols. La digestibilite des fibres obtenues apres traitement a un detersif neutre (NDF) est variable et inversement proportionnelle (P = 0,0001) au pourcentage de NDF du regime chez les deux espkces de campagnols. La digestibilitt des NDF n'est pas relike (P > 0,30) au pourcentage de lignine des NDF ou des fibres obtenues apres traitement a un dttersif acide (ADF). Lorsque les campagnols re~oivent un regime alimentaire riche en fibres (40% NDF), 15% des matieres seches digtrees chez les campagnols des pins et 21% chez les campagnols des champs sont des NDF.[Traduit par le journal]

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Pine Vole Diet Quality in Relation to Apple Tree Root Damage

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

Seasonal variation in diet digestibility of pine voles

Seasonal variation in diet digestibility of pine voles

Soil nutrient status determines how elephant utilize trees and shape environments

Digestion of forage components by pine and meadow voles

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