Pineal gland tumors: experience from the SEER database

Al-Hussaini, Maysa; Sultan, Iyad; Abuirmileh, Najyah; Jaradat, Imad; Qaddoumi, Ibrahim

doi:10.1007/s11060-009-9881-9

Cited by 133 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…Pineal region tumors, which account for <1% of intracranial tumors (1), encompass a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that may be divided into four main categories: Germ cell tumors, glial cell tumors, pineal parenchymal tumors (PPTs) and other miscellaneous tumors and cysts. PPTs originate from cells in the pineal gland called pinealocytes, and represent only 0.3% of all primary tumors of the central nervous system (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete regression of adult pineoblastoma following radiotherapy: A case report and review of the literature

Peng

Jiang

et al. 2015

Oncology Letters

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Abstract. Adult pineoblastomas (PBs) are rare central nervous system tumors. Little is known with regard to the clinical features and outcomes of adult PB, and optimal treatment strategies for adult PB remain to be determined. The current report describes a case of PB in a 46-year-old male, who presented with obstructive hydrocephalus due to a large pineal region mass. Considering the potential effect on quality of life, the patient underwent a partial resection. Postoperative radiotherapy, comprising prophylactic craniospinal irradiation at a dose of 34.2 Gy followed by a local 25.3-Gy 'boost' to the tumor site for a total dose of 59.5 Gy, resulted in the complete regression of the tumor without neurological deficits. The patient has remained free of recurrence for 36 months after radiotherapy. This case highlights a minimally invasive strategy to treat a rare pineal region tumor with significant involvement of critical structures that resulted in a favorable response and an excellent neurological outcome. The radiographic and histopathological features of PB are also reviewed, and the various treatment options reported in the literature are discussed. IntroductionPineal region tumors, which account for <1% of intracranial tumors (1), encompass a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that may be divided into four main categories: Germ cell tumors, glial cell tumors, pineal parenchymal tumors (PPTs) and other miscellaneous tumors and cysts. PPTs originate from cells in the pineal gland called pinealocytes, and represent only 0.3% of all primary tumors of the central nervous system (2). The current World Health Organization classification of PPTs includes well-differentiated pineocytoma (PC), PPT of intermediate differentiation and poorly differentiated pineoblastoma (PB) (3).PB is more common in children than in adults. It has been reported that the peak incidence of PB occurs in the first 4 years of life, with tendency to arise in the first and second decades (4). In addition, adult cases of PB account for <10% of published cases (5). Due to the rarity of PB, relevant data is limited, particularly regarding PB in adults. Thus, the biology, standard management and prognosis of PB are not well understood at present.The current report describes a case of PB occurring in a 46-year-old male who presented with obstructive hydrocephalus due to a large pineal region mass. This case highlights a minimally invasive strategy to treat a rare pineal region tumor with significant involvement of critical structures in an adult. Written informed consent was obtained from the patient. Case reportA 46-year old male was admitted to West China Hospital of West China Medical School (Sichuan University, Chengdu, China) in June 2011 with a 3-month history of mild headache, dizziness and impaired vision. No abnormalities were observed upon physical examination and laboratory tests. An ophthalmological exam revealed no evidence of papilledema.Computed tomography (CT) of the brain was performed, and a solid mass measuring 5 cm in diameter wa...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete regression of adult pineoblastoma following radiotherapy: A case report and review of the literature

Peng

Jiang

et al. 2015

Oncology Letters

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“…Most common are germ cell tumors; however, gliomas, ependymomas, choroid plexus papillomas, meningiomas, and the aforementioned PPTs also arise from this "seat of the soul" [6][7][8]. PPTs are extremely rare tumors, particularly in elderly patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PPTs are extremely rare tumors, particularly in elderly patients. They generally carry a poorer prognosis than other tumors of the pineal region, and there is currently no consensus on what is the best standard of care [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy and CyberKnife Radiosurgery of a Pineal Parenchymal Tumor of Intermediate Differentiation

Chow¹,

Gephart²,

Ziskin³

et al. 2013

Cureus

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“…About half of pineal parenchymal tumors occur in children [ 213 ]. It includes manifestations due to increase in intracranial pressure, changes in mental status, or due to compression of tectum and associated midbrain structures (Parinaud syndrome), brainstem, and cerebellum.…”

Section: Tumor Of the Pineal Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumors of the Central Nervous System

Fung

Petropoulou

2014

Pediatric Malignancies: Pathology and Imaging

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Knowledge of normal neuroanatomy and neurodevelopment is critical to proper diagnosis. A few normal structures may be mistaken as tumor particularly on frozen sections.The external granular layer (Fig. 6.1a ) is a layer of small neurons that covers the external surface of fetal/infant cerebellum. It is quite prominent at the time of birth but is almost completely regressed by the ninth postnatal month. It should not be misinterpreted as medulloblastoma or lymphocytic infi ltration in younger infants. The internal granular layer is also composed of small neurons. Without a size comparison, these cells may be mistaken for medulloblastoma or other small blue cell tumors in minute specimens or cytologic preparations. Conversely medulloblastoma cells, particularly those with smaller nuclei, can be mistaken as internal granular cells. Purkinje cells are rather large and should not be mistaken as rhabdoid cells (Fig. 6.1b ). Other normal structures that can be mistaken for neoplastic tissue include the posterior pituitary and the pineal gland which may be mistaken as glial neoplasm and normal choroid plexus being mistaken as choroid plexus papilloma. These misinterpretations are likely to be committed when the specimen is minute and communication between the pathologist and the neurosurgeon is poor. Overview and Classifi cationTumor of the CNS is not uncommon in the pediatric age group and some of these entities occur only rarely in adults (Table 6.1 ). While meningiomas are very common in adults, it is uncommon in children and almost nonexistent in infants. The most common pediatric tumors in descending order of frequency are pilocytic astrocytoma, diffuse astrocytomas, medulloblastomas, and craniopharyngiomas. Ependymal neoplasms and schwannomas are the most frequent infratentorial tumors. Most tumors occur in the brain with a supratentorial-to-infratentorial ratio of approximately 2-to-1. Malignant CNS neoplasms represent 16.6 % of all malignancies in the pediatric age group. In general, the incidence is higher in males than females and among white compared to black children. The incidence is 36.2 per million between infancy and 7 years of age and 21.0 per million between 7 and 10 years of age. As a group, they are the second most frequent malignancy and most common solid tumor in pediatric patients. About 2,200 new cases are diagnosed annually in the United States. Among CNS malignancies, astrocytic tumors account for 52 %, while medulloblastoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET), other gliomas, and ependymomas accounted for 21, 15, and 9 %, respectively [ 2 ].In contrast to adults, there is a high occurrence of malignancies in the cerebellum and brain stem in young children. About 40 % of all thalamic tumors arise in patients under 18 years old and account for 2-5 % of all intracranial tumors in children [ 3 ]. About two third or pediatric thalamic tumors are high grade in histology [ 4 ]. Tumor of the spinal cord represents about 9.9 % and extramedullary tumors are slightly more common than intramedullary...

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Pineal gland tumors: experience from the SEER database

Cited by 133 publications

References 21 publications

Complete regression of adult pineoblastoma following radiotherapy: A case report and review of the literature

Complete regression of adult pineoblastoma following radiotherapy: A case report and review of the literature

Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy and CyberKnife Radiosurgery of a Pineal Parenchymal Tumor of Intermediate Differentiation

Tumors of the Central Nervous System

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