Pinging reveals active, not silent, working memories

Barbosa, João; Dl, Soldevilla; Compte, Albert

doi:10.31234/osf.io/qv6fu

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…We found that, in the activity-silent state, the most recently encoded stimulus was always encoded most strongly, even when it was a distractor. This may reflect involuntary encoding of irrelevant stimuli in a short-term synaptic memory trace (Barbosa et al, 2021(Barbosa et al, , 2020. This prediction should hold as the number of distractors is increased.…”

Section: Lesions To Areas With a High D1 Receptor Density Disrupt Working Memorymentioning

confidence: 97%

A dopamine gradient controls access to distributed working memory in the large-scale monkey cortex

Bliss

Ding

Rapan

et al. 2021

Neuron

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Dopamine is required for working memory, but how it modulates the large-scale cortex is unknown. Here, we report that dopamine receptor density per neuron, measured by autoradiography, displays a macroscopic gradient along the macaque cortical hierarchy. This gradient is incorporated in a connectome-based large-scale cortex model endowed with multiple neuron types. The model captures an inverted U-shaped dependence of working memory on dopamine and spatial patterns of persistent activity observed in over 90 experimental studies. Moreover, we show that dopamine is crucial for filtering out irrelevant stimuli by enhancing inhibition from dendrite-targeting interneurons. Our model revealed that an activity-silent memory trace can be realized by facilitation of inter-areal connections and that adjusting cortical dopamine induces a switch from this internal memory state to distributed persistent activity. Our work represents a cross-level understanding from molecules and cell types to recurrent circuit dynamics underlying a core cognitive function distributed across the primate cortex.

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Section: Lesions To Areas With a High D1 Receptor Density Disrupt Working Memorymentioning

confidence: 97%

A dopamine gradient controls access to distributed working memory in the large-scale monkey cortex

Bliss

Ding

Rapan

et al. 2021

Neuron

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While the information may not have been accessible with EEG or MEG measurements, it may have existed as spontaneous oscillations in the electrophysiological recordings (LaRocque et al, 2013;Foster et al, 2016). A recent reanalysis of the data shown in Wolff et al (2017) suggests this latter possibility (Barbosa et al, 2021). Finally, modeling has shown that observations of increased information content in IEM-based stimulus reconstructions following a task cue (Sprague et al, 2016) are not diagnostic of a transition from a passive to an active code (Schneegans and Bays, 2017).…”

Section: Mixed Selectivity In Pfcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent Activity During Working Memory From Front to Back

Curtis

Sprague

2021

Front. Neural Circuits

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Working memory (WM) extends the duration over which information is available for processing. Given its importance in supporting a wide-array of high level cognitive abilities, uncovering the neural mechanisms that underlie WM has been a primary goal of neuroscience research over the past century. Here, we critically review what we consider the two major “arcs” of inquiry, with a specific focus on findings that were theoretically transformative. For the first arc, we briefly review classic studies that led to the canonical WM theory that cast the prefrontal cortex (PFC) as a central player utilizing persistent activity of neurons as a mechanism for memory storage. We then consider recent challenges to the theory regarding the role of persistent neural activity. The second arc, which evolved over the last decade, stemmed from sophisticated computational neuroimaging approaches enabling researchers to decode the contents of WM from the patterns of neural activity in many parts of the brain including early visual cortex. We summarize key findings from these studies, their implications for WM theory, and finally the challenges these findings pose. Our goal in doing so is to identify barriers to developing a comprehensive theory of WM that will require a unification of these two “arcs” of research.

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“…For example, one experiment found that information about visual objects could be decoded from extrastriate visual areas on blocks of trials that required memory for visual details, but from PFC on blocks of trials where only the object's category had to be maintained (Lee et al, 2013). Other work has examined the effect of attentional priority on WM representational format, and has shown that high priority items tend to be represented more robustly than items that are not immediately relevant to behavior (Christophel et al, 2012;Lewis-Peacock, Drysdale, Oberauer, & Postle, 2012;Lorenc et al, 2020;Rose et al, 2016;Sprague, Ester, & Serences, 2016;Wolff, Jochim, Akyürek, & Stokes, 2017) (but see also Barbosa, Soldevilla, & Compte, 2021;Iamshchinina et al, 2021). Prioritized WM representations can be further reconfigured so that they are optimized for future behavior, which may include the activation of circuits related to motor output (Myers et al, 2017;Schneider, Barth, & Wascher, 2017;Souza & Oberauer, 2016;van Ede et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible utilization of spatial- and motor-based codes for the storage of visuo-spatial information

Henderson

Rademaker

Serences

2021

Preprint

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Working memory (WM) provides flexible storage of information in service of upcoming behavioral goals. Some models propose specific fixed loci and mechanisms for the storage of visual information in WM, such as sustained spiking in parietal and prefrontal cortex during the maintenance of features. An alternative view is that information can be remembered in a flexible format that best suits current behavioral goals. For example, remembered visual information might be stored in sensory areas for easier comparison to future sensory inputs (i.e. a retrospective code) or might be remapped into a more abstract, output-oriented format and stored in motor areas (i.e. a prospective code). Here, we tested this hypothesis using a visual-spatial working memory task where the required behavioral response was either known or unknown during the memory delay period. Using fMRI and multivariate decoding, we found that there was less information about remembered spatial positions in early visual and parietal regions when the required response was known versus unknown. Further, a representation of the planned motor action emerged in primary somatosensory, primary motor, and premotor cortex on the same trials where spatial information was reduced in early visual cortex. These results suggest that the neural networks supporting WM can be strategically reconfigured depending on the specific behavioral requirements of canonical visual WM paradigms.

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Pinging reveals active, not silent, working memories

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

A dopamine gradient controls access to distributed working memory in the large-scale monkey cortex

A dopamine gradient controls access to distributed working memory in the large-scale monkey cortex

Persistent Activity During Working Memory From Front to Back

Flexible utilization of spatial- and motor-based codes for the storage of visuo-spatial information

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