Pinworm (Enterobius vermicularis) Infection among Primary Level Government School Children of Chhampi, Lalitpur District, Nepal

Khadka, Karuna; Maharjan, Mahendra

doi:10.21089/njhs.32.0046

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Other complaints were cough, anemia, itching, urticaria, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, and diarrhea in percentage of 7.41%, 18.52%, 9.26%, 3.7%, 7.4%, 3.7%, and 12.9%, respectively. 8 Mehraj et al reported that helminthiasis is endemic Worldwide. Humid and hot tropical climate, lack of access to potable water, poor hygiene, illiteracy, and poverty are the major risk factor for intestinal worm infections.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Sths Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 In children, its rate is high due to soil transmission and nail biting. 8 According to the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates, 870 million children live in the area of high prevalence. The most affected regions of the world include Africa, South Asia, and South America.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abdominal discomfort and pain was the most common clinical presentation in children suffering from intestinal worm infection. Other complaints were cough, anemia, itching, urticaria, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, and diarrhea in percentage of 7.41%, 18.52%, 9.26%, 3.7%, 7.4%, 3.7%, and 12.9%, respectively 8. Mehraj et al reported that helminthiasis is endemic Worldwide.…”

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Prevalence, risk factors, challenges, and the currently available diagnostic tools for the determination of helminths infections in human

et al. 2020

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Soil transmitted helminthes (STH) are among the major public health issues in tropical and sub-tropical countries infecting more than 2 billion humans worldwide. STH causes considerable morbidity in children, affecting their cognitive development and physical growth. Endemic areas with poor sanitation and limited access to good quality water supply have the highest burden of STH infection. Various approaches to reduce and control the worm infections include the intermittent deworming of children with anti-helminthic drugs. Individual patient management and population based studies can only be successful upon using the diagnostic techniques with high accuracy. The lack of reliable tools for the provision of correct diagnostic results about the status and intensity of infection is a major challenge, as these factors varies considerably in areas of low infection intensities. The techniques currently available for the diagnosis of parasitic infections show limited specificity and sensitivity and as such several techniques in combination are normally used in diagnosing the variety of parasite species infection. This review article was planned to study the prevalence, risk factors, and the available diagnostic techniques for soil and water transmitted helminthes infections in humans. This article also discussed the challenges in diagnosis, treatment, and management of worm infections particularly helminthes. The articles available online on important portals like google scholar, PubMed, Digital Libraries, PakMediNet, Science direct, and the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) were searched for inclusion of the data in this review study. Duplicate studies and irrelevant reports describing the general aspects of parasite infections were excluded. This review study provides a comprehensive report on the prevalence, accurate diagnostic, and chemotherapeutic protocols to reduce the burden of worms infections. WHO suggests the chemotherapy for worm infections as feasible and cost effective strategy in schools due to the lack of proper policy for the prevention of intestinal worms.

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Section: Prevalence Of Sths Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence, risk factors, challenges, and the currently available diagnostic tools for the determination of helminths infections in human

et al. 2020

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“…Enterobiasis is caused by the intestinal nematode Enterobius vermicularis (E. vermicularis). 1 This type of worm is often reported to infect children, 2,3 but its prevalence in adults cannot be denied. 4 The incidence is quite variable in various regions, with the highest reported cases in Palestine at 98.9%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High case enterobiasis in school children and potential eggs distribution on the bed

Sumanto¹,

Sayono²,

Meikawati³

et al. 2022

JMEN

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Background: Enterobiasis caused by Enterobius vermicularis is a health manifestation of severe concern that needs to be monitored in children because of its recurrence. The cases are relatively frequent in children. The patient will experience discomfort which starts as itching in the perianal area. A decreased quality of life can also occur in children who lose nutrients due to this worm infection. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 63 elementary school students on the outskirts of a city in Central Java province, Indonesia. Microscopic examination of perianal smear specimens and children's bedding was conducted. Results: The incidence of enterobiasis reached 96.8% of all students under study, while the distribution of worm eggs on children's bedding reached 93.7%. The presence of worm eggs in both was significantly related (p=0.000). The incidence of enterobiasis contributed to the distribution of eggs on the sleeping bed by 49.18% (R2=0.4918) Conclusion: Enterobiasis is a promising threat to children, and needs to be monitored through have regular annual checkups before taking treatment.

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Food Safety in Developing Countries: Common Foodborne and Waterborne Illnesses, Regulations, Organizational Structure, and Challenges of Food Safety in the Context of Nepal

Subedi,

Paudel,

Poudel

et al. 2024

Food Frontiers

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Food safety presents a global challenge, contributing to 600 million cases of foodborne diseases and 420,000 fatalities annually worldwide. In developing countries, such as Nepal, addressing food safety is particularly intricate and arduous because of the prevalent issues of food insecurity, poverty, illiteracy, and regulatory hurdles. The objectives of this comprehensive review are to evaluate the prevalent foodborne and waterborne illnesses, examine the existing regulations and institutional frameworks, and identify the challenges associated with food safety in Nepal. Additionally, this review aims to propose strategies to enhance food safety measures in the country. An electronic search was conducted using relevant keywords to include articles and literature pertinent to the topic. Common foodborne illnesses in Nepal include cholera, typhoid fever, hepatitis, worm infections, and poisoning from mushrooms, heavy metals, and pesticides. While existing rules, regulations, and government infrastructure exist, they often face limitations in effectively addressing these multifaceted challenges. Food safety in developing countries, such as Nepal, faces several challenges, including inadequate regulatory frameworks, limited surveillance and monitoring, rural–urban disparities, and high incidences of foodborne illness. Additional issues stem from weak law enforcement, poor food safety practices, limited infrastructure, informal sector challenges, cross‐border trade, limited access to clean water, and the impacts of climate change. A multisectoral One Health approach involving collaboration among government agencies, food industry stakeholders, consumers, and civil society organizations is imperative to enhance food safety in developing countries such as Nepal.

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Pinworm (Enterobius vermicularis) Infection among Primary Level Government School Children of Chhampi, Lalitpur District, Nepal

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Prevalence, risk factors, challenges, and the currently available diagnostic tools for the determination of helminths infections in human

Prevalence, risk factors, challenges, and the currently available diagnostic tools for the determination of helminths infections in human

High case enterobiasis in school children and potential eggs distribution on the bed

Food Safety in Developing Countries: Common Foodborne and Waterborne Illnesses, Regulations, Organizational Structure, and Challenges of Food Safety in the Context of Nepal

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