Pioglitazone and Rosiglitazone: Effects of Treatment with a Thiazolidinedione on Lipids and Non Conventional Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Abstract

The so-called central or upper-body obesity has been shown to play a key role in the development of insulin resistance and lipid abnormalities that commonly are associated with metabolic syndrome. Reducing free fatty acids (FFA) levels improves insulin resistance and lipid profile in metabolic syndrome. The established approach to improving FFA metabolism in obesity is based on inhibition of lipolysis, weight loss and treatment with thiazolidinediones (TZDs). Thiazolidinediones effect on lipids and lipid metabolism will be reviewed, particularly as regard their activity on the abnormal FFA metabolism, related to insulin-resistance. The many questions still unsolved about the molecular mechanisms, the large spectrum of action and the similarities and differences between rosiglitazone and pioglitazone action on lipid metabolism have been reviewed as well as the effect of these new insulin-sensitizers on non conventional cardiovascular risk factors.

Comparative analysis of the efficacies of probiotic supplementation and glucose-lowering drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…A recent meta-analysis indicated that different glucose-lowering agents can have varying impacts on the lipid profile. It has been reported that TZD significantly increase LDL-C and HDL-C levels while reducing TG ( 14 , 62 ). It has been reported that DPP-4i can decrease TC ( 63 ).…”

DPP-4 Inhibitors and Lipids: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…[3][4][5] Available drugs used for the treatment of hyperglycemia can affect lipid levels. In particular, thiazolidinediones have been reported to increase low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, while decreasing triglyceride; 6 conversely, metformin has been shown to have small favorable effects on total and HDL cholesterol. 7 Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors have been reported to reduce total cholesterol, 8 but results are inconsistent across trials.…”

Synergistic Effect of Cyanidin and PPAR Agonist against Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis-Mediated Oxidative Stress-Induced Cytotoxicity through MAPK and Nrf2 Transduction Pathways

“…The antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic effects of TZD are mediated by increasing the insulin sensitivity of peripheral tissues, such as skeletal muscles and adipose. 12 TZD is widely used to treat the later period diabetic patients with severe glucose abnormality. Furthermore, TZD also functions as a ligand of PPAR and shows modulatory effects on PPAR-regulated genes relevant to lipid metabolism.…”

“…Thiazolidinedione (TZD) is one of the medication classes that act as an adjuvant therapy for diabetes mellitus and related diseases since the 1990s. The antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic effects of TZD are mediated by increasing the insulin sensitivity of peripheral tissues, such as skeletal muscles and adipose . TZD is widely used to treat the later period diabetic patients with severe glucose abnormality.…”