Pioneer 10 and 11 Spacecraft Anomalous Acceleration in the light of the Nonsymmetric Kaluza–Klein (Jordan–Thiry) Theory

Abstract

The Nonsymmetric Kaluza–Klein (Jordan–Thiry) Theory leads to a model of a modified acceleration that can fit an anomalous acceleration experienced by the Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft. The future positions of those spacecrafts are predicted using distorted hyperbolic orbit. A connection between an anomalous acceleration and a Hubble constant is solved in the theory together with a relation to a cosmological constant in CDMΛ model. In the paper we consider an exact solution of a point mass motion in the Solar System under an influence of an anomalous acceleration. We find two types of orbits: periodic and chaotic. Both orbits are bounded. This means there is no possibility to escape from the Solar System. Some possibilities to avoid this conclusion are considered. We resolve also a coincidence between an anomalous acceleration and the cosmological constant using a paradigm of modern cosmology. Relativistic effects and a cosmological drifting of a gravitational constant are considered. The model of an anomalous acceleration does not cause any contradiction with Solar System observations. We give a full statistical analysis of the model. We consider also a full formalism of the Nonsymmetric Jordan–Thiry Theory for the problem and present a relativistic model of an anomalous acceleration. We consider the model for General Relativity approximation, i.e. gμν≠ημν (gμν=gνμ). In this model there are no contradictions with General Relativity tests in the Solar System. Pioneer 10/11 spacecrafts will come back in 106 years (a time scale of our periodic solutions is 106 years). Moreover, almost relativistic or relativistic spacecrafts can escape from the Solar System. We consider also a model of a relativistic acceleration which is more complicated, with gμν≠gνμ taken into account.

Interferometric Measurement of Acceleration at Relativistic Speeds

“…6.4. Testing modified gravity Long distance modifications of gravity could be constrained by monitoring the acceleration of the spacecraft (Buscaino et al 2015;Hees et al 2014;Kalinowski, M. W. 2015). These modifications could be parameterized by adding a Yukawa term to the usual 1/r gravitational potential,…”

The Nonsymmetric Kaluza-Klein Theory and Modern Physics A Novel Approach

“…(7) Additional (non-classical) interaction of a Higgs' field (from the Standard Model) with gravity (described by NGT) and also additional Higgs' phenomena in SM. (8) A possibility to tune a cosmological constant to the value obtained from observational data.…”

“…: (1) cosmological constant, (2) inflation, (3) quintessence, and some possible relations to the dark matter problem. There is also a possibility to apply this theory to an anomalous acceleration problem of Pioneer 10/11 (see Refs ).…”

On Nearly Newtonian Potentials and Their Implications to Astrophysics

“…In theoretical physics, an interesting approach was proposed by J. W. Moffat, the so-called the nonsymmetric gravitational theory (NGT), which is a classical theory of gravitation in which the antisymmetric part does not necessarily represent the electromagnetic field, and may be generalized to a fundamental new field [20], later updated to a proposal that the skew symmetric part is a massive Proca field equation [21] used as a basis for a solution of the dark matter problem. Until now, such a unified field was not found as well as a proper solution of the dark matter problem, but research on non-symmetric metrics are still in progress with a focus on several problems, for instance, the dark matter problem itself [22], massive gravity [23], thin-shell wormholes [24], connections with skew-symmetric torsion on non-symmetric Riemannian manifold [25] and Pioneer anomalous acceleration [26].…”