Piper rhythm of the electromyograms of the abductor pollicis brevis muscle during isometric contractions

Shifts in EMG spectral power during fatiguing dynamic contractions

“…This pattern comprises a large portion of the EMG signal and creates a jerky, somewhat rudimentary movement pattern that resembles walking. Fine tuning of this pattern by the motor cortex contributes a smaller portion to the EMG signal but coordinates the pattern to create a smooth, walking movement . One of the major advantages of assessing the Piper rhythm is that it allows for examination of changes in central drive.…”

“…Several recent studies [15][16][17][18] have used the wavelet analysis developed by von Tscharner 7 to investigate periodic rhythmicity in the EMG signal during repetitive dynamic contractions. This rhythmicity has been referred to as the "Piper rhythm" 15 and typically occurs in a frequency band ranging from 30 to 60 Hz.…”

“…Fine tuning of this pattern by the motor cortex contributes a smaller portion to the EMG signal but coordinates the pattern to create a smooth, walking movement. 15,16,18 One of the major advantages of assessing the Piper rhythm is that it allows for examination of changes in central drive. This is an important issue, because the practice of inferring neural control strategies from traditional surface EMG variables (e.g., measures of amplitude and center frequency) has been criticized heavily.…”

Task Dependent Synchronization of Motor Units of the Medial Gastrocnemius Muscle Revealed in EMG-Currents

“…In free style ski jumps the muscular events were as short as or shorter than 50ms and inter muscular co-contractions started and were synchronized within a time range of less than 5ms [1]. The Piper rhythm shows a neuromuscular control mechanism that can be seen in the EMG during isometric contractions as well as during movements [2][3][4]. It was reported that the power of the EMG signal of runners varied with the Piper Rhythm and in turn the Piper rhythm varied with running speed [5].…”

Ankle variability is amplified in older adults due to lower EMG power from 30–60Hz

“…Overall, these findings suggest that the neural activation of the agonist muscle (tibialis anterior) may be different during ankle position-holding task for young and older adults. The 30-60 Hz band is often associate with the Piper rhythm (Brown, 2000;Mima & Hallett, 1999;von Tscharner, Barandun, & Stirling, 2011) and the intensity of the voluntary activation of the muscle from higher centers . Thus it contains significant physiological information Farina, Merletti, Indino, & Graven-Nielsen, 2004;Myers et al, 2003;.…”