Pituitary Dysfunction Among Men Presenting with Hypogonadism

Levy, Shiri; Arguello, Mingxue; Macki, Mohamed; Rao, Sudhaker D

doi:10.1007/s11934-019-0935-z

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Among patients with pituitary macroadenomas, the prevalence of hypogonadism is much higher in patients with functional pituitary adenomas than in patients with non-functional pituitary adenomas [ 21 ]. However, among patients with pituitary macroadenomas, whether functional or non-functional, most male patients suffer from significant sexual dysfunction.…”

Section: Pituitary Adenomas and Male Hypogonadismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have reported that the most common etiologies of clinical hypogonadism are prolactinomas and gonadotropin adenomas [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Prolactinomas are the most common type of functional adenoma; hypoactive sexual desire or ED are found in 78–100% of male patients with large prolactinomas or microprolactinomas [ 24 ].…”

Section: Pituitary Adenomas and Male Hypogonadismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prolactinomas are the most common type of functional adenoma; hypoactive sexual desire or ED are found in 78–100% of male patients with large prolactinomas or microprolactinomas [ 24 ]. Sexual dysfunction is one of the most common symptoms of prolactinoma in men [ 21 , 25 , 26 ]. In the HPG axis, GnRH-stimulated prolactin (PRL) release is perhaps the first example describing the paracrine regulation of lactocytes [ 27 ].…”

Section: Pituitary Adenomas and Male Hypogonadismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypogonadism in Male Patients with Pituitary Adenoma and Its Related Mechanism: A Review of Literature

Yan

Lei

2022

Brain Sciences

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Maintaining normal gonadal axis hormone levels is important for improving the condition of male patients with pituitary adenoma. The current literature is somewhat divided on the results of evaluations of gonadal axis function in male patients with pituitary adenoma before and after treatment, and the increasing demand for better quality of life has provided motivation for this research to continue. In this article, we summarize the feasibility of using testosterone as an indicator for assessing male function and discuss the changes reported in various studies for gonadal hormones before and after treatment in male patients with pituitary adenoma. It is important for clinicians to understand the advantages of each treatment option and the effectiveness of assessing gonadal function. The rationale behind the theory that pituitary adenomas affect gonadal function and the criteria for evaluating pituitary–gonadal axis hormones should be explored in more depth.

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Section: Pituitary Adenomas and Male Hypogonadismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pituitary Adenomas and Male Hypogonadismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pituitary Adenomas and Male Hypogonadismmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hypogonadism in Male Patients with Pituitary Adenoma and Its Related Mechanism: A Review of Literature

Yan

Lei

2022

Brain Sciences

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“…The latter condition is present when T levels are low and gonadotropin levels are low or inappropriately normal [12]. In Europe, hypogonadism affects more than one in 10 people in the 40-79 age group and is classified as hypogonadotropic in 85% of cases [13]. Most cases of hypogonadism in middle-aged and older men are considered to be of functional origin, i.e., due to the functional hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis suppression caused by excessive adiposity, comorbid illness, medications, and aging [14].…”

Section: Gonadal Axis (Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle-stimulating Hormone)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Functional hypogonadism (also referred to as LOH) is defined as the coexistence of androgen deficiency-like features and low serum T concentrations in the absence of intrinsic structural HPG pathology in middle-aged and older men, and it is a potentially reversible condition [18]. Additionally, organic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism can result from many conditions and drugs, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), sellar or suprasellar tumors, iron overload, infiltrative or destructive disease of the pituitary or the hypothalamus, hyperprolactinemia, opioids, narcotics, or glucocorticoids [13].…”

Section: Gonadal Axis (Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle-stimulating Hormone)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothalamic–Pituitary Diseases and Erectile Dysfunction

Salvio

Martino

Giancola

et al. 2021

JCM

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Several hormones contribute to ensure penile erection, a neurovascular phenomenon in which nitric oxide plays a major role. Erectile dysfunction (ED), which is defined as the persistent inability to obtain or maintain penile erection sufficient for a satisfactory sexual performance, may be due to arteriogenic, neurogenic, iatrogenic, but also endocrinological causes. The hypothalamus–pituitary axis plays a central role in the endocrine system and represents a fundamental link between the brain and peripheral glands, including gonads. Therefore, the hormonal production of the hypothalamic–pituitary axis can control various aspects of sexual function and its dysregulation can compromise erectile function. In addition, excess and deficiency of pituitary hormones or metabolic alterations that are associated with some pituitary diseases (e.g., Cushing’s disease and acromegaly, hypopituitarism) can determine the development of ED with different mechanisms. Thus, the present review aimed to explore the relationship between hypothalamic and pituitary diseases based on the most recent clinical and experimental evidence.

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