Pituitary dysfunction in infective brain diseases

Beatrice, Anne M; Selvan, Chitra; Mukhopadhyay, Satinath

doi:10.4103/2230-8210.123546

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The prevalence of some very rare causes is greater in the countries situated in the tropics than in the developed countries. In these regions, the infective causes of hypopituitarism, such as pituitary abscess, HIV infection, and tuberculosis, are not rare in comparison with the developed countries [ 37 ]. In countries with a lower level of obstetric care, Sheehan's syndrome is the leading cause of hypopituitarism in females, while in developed countries, it is very rarely reported [ 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology of Hypopituitarism in Adult Patients: The Experience of a Single Center Database in the Serbian Population

Doknic

Pekić

Miljić

et al. 2017

International Journal of Endocrinology

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There are only a few published studies related to the population-based etiology of hypopituitarism. New risks for developing hypopituitarism have been recognized in the last 10 years. Aim. To present data regarding the etiology of hypopituitarism collected in a tertiary center over the last decade. This is a cross-sectional database study. Patients and Methods. We included 512 patients (pts) with hypopituitarism, with a mean age of 45.9 ± 1.7 yrs (range: 18–82; male: 57.9%). Results. Nonfunctional pituitary adenomas were presented in 205 pts (40.5%), congenital causes in 74 pts (14.6%), while acromegaly and prolactinomas were presented in 37 (7.2%) and 36 (7.0%) patients, respectively. Craniopharyngiomas were detected in 30 pts (5.9%), and head trauma due to trauma brain injury-TBI and subarachnoid hemorrhage-SAH in 27 pts (5.4%). Survivors of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and those with previous cranial irradiation were presented in the same frequency (18 pts, 3.5% each). Conclusion. The most common causes of hypopituitarism in our database are pituitary adenomas. Increased awareness of the other causes of pituitary dysfunction, such as congenital, head trauma, extrapituitary cranial irradiation, and infections, is the reason for a higher frequency of these etiologies of hypopituitarism in the presented database.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology of Hypopituitarism in Adult Patients: The Experience of a Single Center Database in the Serbian Population

Doknic

Pekić

Miljić

et al. 2017

International Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Although hypopituitarism may result from direct involvement of the pituitary gland, it may also occur in association with tuberculous meningitis (75–77). In a prospective study of 75 adult tuberculous meningitis patients in India, the most common abnormalities in pituitary function were hyperprolactinemia (49%), cortisol insufficiency (43%), and central hypothyroidism (31%), with 29% of patients demonstrating multiple hormone deficiencies (78).…”

Section: Pituitary Gland Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine and Metabolic Aspects of Tuberculosis

Vinnard

Blumberg

2017

Microbiol Spectr

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Endocrine and metabolic derangements are infrequent in patients with tuberculosis, but they are important when they occur. The basis for these abnormalities is complex. While Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been described to infect virtually every endocrine gland, the incidence of gland involvement is low, especially in the era of effective antituberculosis therapy. Furthermore, endocrine and metabolic abnormalities do not always reflect direct infection of the gland but may result from physiological response or as a consequence of therapy. Metabolic disease may also predispose patients to the development of active tuberculosis, particularly in the case of diabetes mellitus. While hormonal therapy may be necessary in some instances, frequently these endocrine complications do not require specific interventions other than antituberculous therapy itself. With the exception of diabetes mellitus, which will be covered elsewhere, this chapter reviews the endocrinologic and metabolic issues related to tuberculosis.

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“…Evidences show that the hypothalamo pituitary thyroid and adrenal axis takes 3–12 months to recover after trauma and infective causes of hypopituitarism. [ 9 10 ] It can also be a part of the immune mediated sequel-postneurological malaria syndrome. [ 11 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypopituitarism: A rare sequel of cerebral malaria - Presenting as delayed awakening from general anesthesia

Selvaraj

2015

Anesth Essays Res

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We report a case of delayed emergence from anesthesia in a 37-year-old male who came for emergency laparoscopic appendicectomy. This patient is hailing from one of the endemic zones of Malaria, Orissa State in India. Two months ago he had cerebral malaria and was treated in our intensive care unit. After recovering from cerebral malaria, he presented to us for acute abdomen, and he was taken for emergency laparoscopic appendicectomy. He had delayed emergence of around 2 h to extubate from the time of completion of surgery in spite of termination of anesthetic agents. Further investigations showed to have decreased serum levels of thyroid hormones and cortisol levels in the postoperative period. The Physician promptly diagnosed the condition as hypopituitarism a known sequel of cerebral malaria. The secondary thyroid insufficiency contributing to the delayed emergence from anesthesia. We also review the pertinent literature related to this rare sequelae of cerebral malaria and its perioperative implication to the anesthesiologist.

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Pituitary dysfunction in infective brain diseases

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Etiology of Hypopituitarism in Adult Patients: The Experience of a Single Center Database in the Serbian Population

Etiology of Hypopituitarism in Adult Patients: The Experience of a Single Center Database in the Serbian Population

Endocrine and Metabolic Aspects of Tuberculosis

Hypopituitarism: A rare sequel of cerebral malaria - Presenting as delayed awakening from general anesthesia

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