Pituitary volume prospectively predicts internalizing symptoms in adolescence

Zipursky, Amy R.; Whittle, Sarah; Yücel, Murat; Lorenzetti, Valentina; Wood, Stephen J.; Lubman, Dan I.; Simmons, Julian G; Allen, Nicholas B.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02337.x

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…This might be seen as a potential limitation of our study, but the posterior part of the pituitary constitutes only a very small part of the whole gland, and no conditions are known to influence it in the examined age group 44 . Thus, it has been hypothesized that the whole pituitary volume is representative for the anterior lobe 65 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Pituitary gland volume in at-risk mental state for psychosis: a longitudinal MRI analysis

et al. 2014

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Pituitary gland volume in at-risk mental state for psychosis: a longitudinal MRI analysis

et al. 2014

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“…Variations in pituitary gland shape between individuals means that any assessment of pituitary gland size is likely to be subject to a high degree of imprecision unless a true volume is measured (11). Therefore, an increasing number of studies have measured the pituitary gland volume in an attempt to have a more precise assessment of the pituitary gland (12,13,20–22). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional magnetic resonance volumetry of the pituitary gland is effective in detecting short stature in children

Han

Xiu

Huang

et al. 2014

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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The aim of the present study was to obtain standard reference values for the pituitary gland volumes of healthy children and to analyze the potential diagnostic values of pituitary gland volumetry for growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and idiopathic short stature (ISS). The volume of the pituitary gland was measured using a thin-section three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence of magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo imaging with a section thickness of 1 mm. A group of 75 healthy children aged between 1 and 19 years were recruited to obtain normal volumetry values of the pituitary gland. These individuals demonstrated no evidence of abnormalities to the central nervous or endocrine systems prior to the study. An additional group of 55 children with GHD (n=32) or ISS (n=23) aged between 0 and 14 years were included in the measurement of pituitary gland volume and height. The Student’s t-test was used to evaluate the repetition test, while Pearson’s correlation coefficient and regression analyses were performed to examine the correlations between the volume and height of the pituitary glands. Pituitary gland volume and height demonstrated an increasing trend with age in the healthy children. In addition, the pituitary gland volume exhibited a growth spurt in the early teenage years (10–14 years-old), which was more prominent in females. The growth spurt was not observed for pituitary gland height. When compared with the healthy children, 65.6% of the children with GHD and 34.8% of the children with ISS had smaller pituitary gland volumes. Similarly, 37.5% of the children with GHD and 26.1% of the children with ISS had a smaller pituitary gland height compared with the healthy children. The pituitary gland volume performed significantly better compared with height with regard to the detection rate. Therefore, the results indicated that 3D MRI volumetry was useful for understanding the developmental characteristics of the pituitary gland in healthy children, and that the reference data provided by 3D MRI were effective in the diagnosis of short stature following associations with neuroimaging and clinical functional abnormalities of the pituitary gland.

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“…For instance, only 4-6% of pediatric cases of PG tumors remain functionally silent, versus 33-50% in adults (Keil and Stratakis 2008). Moreover, recent work suggests that PG volume in early adolescence might predict subsequent psychiatric status (Zipursky et al 2011). Typically, PG weight rapidly increases during childhood and adolescence, from 100 mg at birth to 500-600 mg in early adulthood (Amar and Weiss 2003).…”

Section: Healthy Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging the pituitary in psychopathologies: a review of in vivo magnetic resonance imaging studies

2019

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The pituitary gland (PG) is a key component of the essential endocrine systems in humans and animals, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal, and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axes. Structural changes in the PG are observed in a number of psychiatric disorders. Psychiatric disorders are typically characterized by subtle, time-dependent anatomical changes in the brain, and their study necessitates highly powered, longitudinal investigations. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive technology that is ideally suited to detect changes in anatomical structures over time. In this paper, we will review the main findings on pituitary function and structure in the context of healthy development and of psychiatric disorders, with particular emphasis on MRI studies. The latter have not always succeeded in providing a clear theoretical framework of mental disorders, which may be explained by low resolution and differences in preprocessing methods, imprecise segmentation rules that do not account for the anatomical and functional specificity of the anterior and posterior lobes of the PG, and inadequate categorization of clinical subjects. We review those limitations and propose solutions for future research.

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Pituitary volume prospectively predicts internalizing symptoms in adolescence

Abstract: This study provides the first evidence that increased pituitary volume might represent a specific vulnerability marker for the development of internalizing symptoms during early to mid-adolescence.

Cited by 24 publications

References 58 publications

Pituitary gland volume in at-risk mental state for psychosis: a longitudinal MRI analysis

Pituitary gland volume in at-risk mental state for psychosis: a longitudinal MRI analysis

Three-dimensional magnetic resonance volumetry of the pituitary gland is effective in detecting short stature in children

Imaging the pituitary in psychopathologies: a review of in vivo magnetic resonance imaging studies

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