Harmful marine spills, such as algae blooms and oil spills, damage ecosystems and threaten public health tremendously. Hence, an effective spill coverage and removal strategy will play a significant role in environmental protection. In recent years, low-cost water surface robots have emerged as a solution, with their efficacy verified at small scale. However, practical limitations such as connectivity, scalability, and sensing and operation ranges significantly impair their large-scale use. To circumvent these limitations, we propose a novel asymptotic boundary shrink control strategy that enables collective coverage of a spill by autonomous robots featuring customized operation ranges. For each robot, a novel controller is implemented that relies only on local vision sensors with limited vision range. Moreover, the distributedness of this strategy allows any number of robots to be employed without inter-robot collisions. Finally, features of this approach including the convergence of robot motion during boundary shrink control, spill clearance rate, and the capability to work under limited ranges of vision and wireless connectivity are validated through extensive experiments with simulation.Index Terms-Multi-robot coordination, Spill removal, Boundary shrink control, Distributed control, Artificial potential field
I. INTRODUCTIONC OVERAGE operation has a wide application scope in environment searching and exploration. Currently, methods of coverage control have seen tremendous potential in solving environmental issues caused by side effects of urbanization and industrialization. One global issue of increasing importance is water pollution, including harmful algae blooms that result from eutrophication, and oil leakage in the oceans during transportation, due to its connections with potable water supplies and even marine ecosystems. It is a natural idea to deploy a team of water surface robots for cleaning such pollution, in order to protect human operators and to provide for immediate operation response before any ecological or economic damage results.Researchers from MIT developed one approach for the removal of oil spills in the ocean: Seaswarm, a fleet of low-cost, oil-absorbing robots [1]. These robots are powered by solar cells and designed to move on the water surface, absorbing oil spills through the long edge of an attached conveyor belt, as shown in Fig. 1. The Seaswarm robot Manuscript received...