Pivotal role of nucleation layers in the hydrothermally-assisted growth of ZnO and its H2 gas sensing performance

Barin, Özlem; Ajjaq, Ahmad; Çağırtekin, Ali Orkun; Er, İrmak Karaduman; Yıldırım, Mehmet Ali; Ateş, Aytunç; Acar, Selim

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2022.132499

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…The two La 3d spin–orbit doublet energy levels are observed to have an additional signal (satellite) at a higher energy level due to the interaction between different electronic states as explained in the literature . The identified variance in the BE of the two observed Zn 2p emission lines (=23.0 eV) provides corroborating evidence for the creation of ZnO and aligns well with the documented reference splitting value for Zn 2p 1/2 –Zn 2p 3/2 . The intensity and energy separation of the La 3d satellites in relation to the main peak are remarkably sensitive to the atomic coordination environment of La, and separation of ΔLa 3d = 3.6 eV was also evident in the literature .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…50 The identified variance in the BE of the two observed Zn 2p emission lines (=23.0 eV) provides corroborating evidence for the creation of ZnO and aligns well with the documented reference splitting value for Zn 2p 1/2 −Zn 2p 3/2 . 51 The intensity and energy separation of the La 3d satellites in relation to the main peak are remarkably sensitive to the atomic coordination environment of La, and separation of ΔLa 3d = 3.6 eV was also evident in the literature. 52 The O 1s high-resolution core-level peaks of both samples were best decomposed into two components corresponding to different chemical species or environments of oxygen atoms in the samples: 53 Additionally, through a proper Gaussian distribution, the percent relative concentration of reactive oxygen species represented by the O2 component was estimated as 27% in ZOL0 and 34% in ZOL3.…”

Section: Acs Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 75%

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Advanced NH₃ Detection by 1D Nanostructured La:ZnO Sensors with Novel Intrinsic p–n Shifting and Ultrahigh Baseline Stability

Ajjaq,

Bulut,

Ozturk

et al. 2024

ACS Sens.

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Due to its stability, transportability, and ability to be produced using renewable energy sources, NH 3 has become an attractive option for hydrogen production and storage. Detecting NH 3 is then essential, being a toxic and flammable gas that can pose dangers if not properly monitored. ZnO chemiresistive sensors have shown great potential in real NH 3 monitoring applications; yet, research and development in this area are ongoing due to reported limitations, like baseline instabilities and sensitivity to environmental factors, including temperature, humidity, and interferent gases. Herein, we suggest an approach to obtain sensors with competitive performance based on ZnO semiconducting metal oxides. For this purpose, one-dimensional nanostructured pure and La-doped ZnO films were synthesized hydrothermally. Incorporating large rare earth ions, like La, into the bulk lattice of ZnO is challenging and can lead to surface defects that are influential in gassensing reactions. The sensors experienced a temperature-induced p−n shifting at about 100 °C, verified by the Hall effect and AC impedance measurements. The doped sensor showed exceptional stepwise baseline stability and outstanding performance at a relatively low operating temperature (150 °C) with a sensing response of 91 at best (@ 50 ppm NH 3 ) and recorded a tolerance to water vapor up to 70% RH. Alongside p−n shifting, the enhanced performance was discussed in correlation with La doping-triggered changes in the nanostructural and surfacial properties of the films. We validated the proposed technique by producing similar sensors and performing multiple replicates to ensure consistency and reproducibility. We also introduced the fill factor concept into the gas sensor field as a new trustworthy parameter that could improve sensor performance assessment and help rate sensors based on deviation from ideality.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Acs Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Advanced NH₃ Detection by 1D Nanostructured La:ZnO Sensors with Novel Intrinsic p–n Shifting and Ultrahigh Baseline Stability

Ajjaq,

Bulut,

Ozturk

et al. 2024

ACS Sens.

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“…As a result, there were less electrons present on sensor's surface, and the sensor resistance increased (Anderson et al, 2009;Kannan et al, 2014). Sensing response (S) is one of the important parameters for the gas sensors like response end recovery times (Barin et al, 2022). For the chemiresistive gas sensors, calculating sensing response is depending on the resistance measurement under air and target gas atmosphere.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Investigation of CO2 Gas Sensing Performance of ZnO Nanorods Growth on RF Sputtered Seed Layer

Bulut

Öztürk

Acar³

2023

Gazi University Journal of Science Part A: Engineering and Innovation

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In this study, one-dimensional ZnO nanorod structures with different ratios of nickel doping were produced using the hydrothermal method. The presence of nickel doping in different ratios caused variations in the fundamental characteristics of the nanorods that grew on the RF sputtered seed layer, such as crystallinity quality, morphology, diameter of the nanorods, band gap energy, resistance of the sample, and CO2 gas sensing. Produced samples were found to form like hexagonal rods and crystallize in a wurtzite structure, and the ratio of nickel doping improved the crystallin quality and the morphology of sample surface. This study showed that the 5% nickel doped sample provided the most effective results in sensing CO2 gas at different concentrations. Overall, the study provided valuable insights into the relationship between doping system and the basic characteristics of wurtzite-type hexagonal ZnO.

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“…Recently, different synthesis methods have come to the fore with the increase in nanosized production in electronic devices. Methods such as successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) [13], pulsed laser deposition [14], hydrothermal method [15], electrochemical deposition [16], chemical vapor deposition [17], chemical bath deposition [18], and spin coating [19] can be used to obtain ZnO thin films. In conjunction with the synthesis methods, the adjustments in structural configurations can significantly influence the dielectric traits of materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature-dependent dielectric properties of p-n heterojunction diodes based on hydrothermally synthesized ZnO nanostructures

Çağırtekin,

Ajjaq,

Barin

et al. 2023

Phys. Scr.

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In this study, the effect of coating p-Si substrates with a pure ZnO layer using the hydrothermal reaction method on the dielectric parameters was reported. The studied dielectric properties of the ZnO/p-Si structure include dielectric constant (ε′), dielectric loss (ε″), ac electrical conductivity (σ AC), and real and imaginary electrical modulus (M′, M″). These properties were investigated using experimental capacitance-frequency (C-f) and conductivity-frequency (G-f) measurements in a frequency range of 20 Hz-1 MHz and a temperature range of 300-420 K. Experimental results show that dielectric parameters are strongly frequency- and temperature-dependent. The dielectric constant showed an increase of about 11 times in the investigated temperature range. At the same time, AC electrical conductivity increased with increasing frequency and temperature. In addition, the electrical modulus was examined, and peaks were observed in M″ values. It was observed that the peaks shifted to the high-frequency region with the increase in temperature. The activation energies were also calculated from the conductivity parameters and a decrease was observed in the activation energies as the frequency increased. Regardless of temperature and frequency, the higher dielectric loss of the fabricated diode compared to its dielectric constant can be advantageous for certain heating or electromagnetic absorption applications.

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Pivotal role of nucleation layers in the hydrothermally-assisted growth of ZnO and its H2 gas sensing performance

Cited by 16 publications

References 81 publications

Advanced NH₃ Detection by 1D Nanostructured La:ZnO Sensors with Novel Intrinsic p–n Shifting and Ultrahigh Baseline Stability

Advanced NH₃ Detection by 1D Nanostructured La:ZnO Sensors with Novel Intrinsic p–n Shifting and Ultrahigh Baseline Stability

The Investigation of CO2 Gas Sensing Performance of ZnO Nanorods Growth on RF Sputtered Seed Layer

Temperature-dependent dielectric properties of p-n heterojunction diodes based on hydrothermally synthesized ZnO nanostructures

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Pivotal role of nucleation layers in the hydrothermally-assisted growth of ZnO and its H2 gas sensing performance

Cited by 16 publications

References 81 publications

Advanced NH3 Detection by 1D Nanostructured La:ZnO Sensors with Novel Intrinsic p–n Shifting and Ultrahigh Baseline Stability

Advanced NH3 Detection by 1D Nanostructured La:ZnO Sensors with Novel Intrinsic p–n Shifting and Ultrahigh Baseline Stability

The Investigation of CO2 Gas Sensing Performance of ZnO Nanorods Growth on RF Sputtered Seed Layer

Temperature-dependent dielectric properties of p-n heterojunction diodes based on hydrothermally synthesized ZnO nanostructures

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Product

Resources

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Advanced NH₃ Detection by 1D Nanostructured La:ZnO Sensors with Novel Intrinsic p–n Shifting and Ultrahigh Baseline Stability

Advanced NH₃ Detection by 1D Nanostructured La:ZnO Sensors with Novel Intrinsic p–n Shifting and Ultrahigh Baseline Stability