“…This supports the idea that impaired LTP mechanisms are responsible for the deficient stabilization of hippocampal place cell representations, resulting in spatial memory deficits, and is consistent with studies in which manipulations of specific components of intracellular signaling pathways underlying LTP induction or maintenance were found to affect location-specific place cell firing and spatial memory. Pharmacologic or genetic inactivation of NMDA receptors (15,17), the GluR2 AMPA receptor subunit (19), or mutations affecting plasticity-related proteins, such as the kinase CaMKII or CREB, in transgenic mice (16,20,21), all result in degraded and unstable place fields. In addition, both the reduction of forebrain protein kinase A activity in transgenic R(AB) mice (22) and pharmacologic inhibition of protein synthesis using anisomycin in rats (23) were found to affect place cell maps in a manner resembling the effects seen with zif268 inactivation in the present study.…”