Placebo does not lower ambulatory blood pressure.

Dupont, Alain; Six, Roland

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1987.tb03145.x

Cited by 69 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It has been shown that 24-h average BP is not reduced by placebo. 3,22,23 A small decrease in BP, however, may be observed during the first 2-6 h of ambulatory monitoring in placebo-treated groups. 21,23,24 This effect seems inconsistent and, in contrast to the treatment-induced effect, is not normally distributed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The use of Fourier analysis in the calculation of trough to peak ratio from ambulatory blood pressure measurements

Diamant

Vincent

1998

J Hum Hypertens

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The trough:peak (T:P) ratio serves as an index of efficacy of antihypertensive drugs with respect to their dose and dose interval. There is no consensus regarding the method for the calculation of the T:P ratio. We assessed the influences of curve smoothing, the average fall in 24-h mean arterial pressure (MAP) and the length of the peak effect period on the result of T:P ratio calculation. Forty-two patients with essential hypertension (aged 27-81 years; 20 males) had a 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (BP) measurement on two occasions. The first was performed at baseline, the second after 12 weeks of treatment with a ␤-blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, calcium slowchannel blocker, diuretic or a centrally acting drug, all taken once daily. BP data were analysed both by Fourier analysis (FA) with four harmonics and by time block analysis (TBA). The peak effect was defined as the maximum drop in MAP over a period of 0 to 3 h following drug intake at any time in the 24 h, and the trough effect as the fall in MAP over the last 2 h of the dose interval. FA gave higher T:P ratio values than TBA (0.51 vs 0.43;

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The use of Fourier analysis in the calculation of trough to peak ratio from ambulatory blood pressure measurements

Diamant

Vincent

1998

J Hum Hypertens

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“…It has been claimed that an advantage of indirect ambulatory blood pressure measurement is the absence of a placebo effect. 14,15 Continuous ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is considered to improve the reproducibility of blood pressure measurement which can improve the exactness of clinical trials. It is also possible to reduce the number of subjects required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation in patients with therapy-resistant hypertension

et al. 2000

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Objectives: Afferent nerve stimulation, such as acupuncture and transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS), has shown a blood pressure reduction in both animal and man. In the present open and non-controlled study we investigated the effect on 24-h ambulatory blood pressure of low frequency TENS in a group of hypertensive subjects who do not respond properly to pharmacological treatment. Method: Twelve patients were investigated. The patients were treated with TENS at two acupoints on both forearms for 30 min twice daily during 4 weeks. 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was recorded 1 week before, at start, at the end and finally 1 week after the TENS treatment.

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“…When a monitor is first applied to a patient the values in the first 60-90 min are high 13,14 and closer to the value measured by clinical sphygmomanometry ( Table 2). Whether this occurs with subsequent ABPM has not been rigorously documented but in our experience it does, though Despite initial statements to the contrary [14][15][16] there is a significant placebo effect with 24-h ABPM. 17,18 Though relatively small in an absolute sense (systolic 2 mm Hg, diastolic 1.5 mm Hg), in the context of a total change of 8-10 mm Hg with monotherapy the effect may have an important impact on the T:P ratio.…”

Section: Twenty-four Hour Ambulatory Bp Monitoring (Abpm)mentioning

confidence: 83%