Placebo-Induced Changes in fMRI in the Anticipation and Experience of Pain

Wager, Tor D.; Rilling, James K.; Smith, Edward E.; Sokolik, Alex; Casey, Kenneth L.; Davidson, Richard J.; Kosslyn, Stephen M.; Rose, Robert M.; Cohen, Jonathan D.

doi:10.1126/science.1093065

Cited by 1,750 publications

(1,414 citation statements)

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“…It is proved that clinical practice itself enhances placebo effects [41]. Recent development in brain science indicates that placebo stimulates brain and activates pain relief processes and that anticipation of pain relief stimulates brain activity [74]. Placebo induces activation of chemical substance in the brain (endogenous opioid) [77].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New concept for backache: biopsychosocial pain syndrome

Kikuchi

2008

Eur Spine J

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Recently a new concept for explaining backache, ''biopsychosocial pain syndrome,'' has been suggested. Psychosocial factors play an important role in the development and persistence of backache from an early stage. Diagnosis and treatment of backache should be based on the new concept. A good relationship between doctors and patients influences treatment outcome and patient satisfaction. Treatment should be decided by patients themselves, after being informed of the natural history of the disease and the merit and demerit of the treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New concept for backache: biopsychosocial pain syndrome

Kikuchi

2008

Eur Spine J

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“…This threshold was chosen because most studies in this field of affective neuroscience have used statistical thresholds of similar sizes in order to avoid type-2 errors (e.g. Phelps et al, 2001;Wager et al, 2004). The application of more lenient thresholds in this research field is justified because the hemodynamic responses in the emotional network are weaker than in perception and motor studies due to methodological constraints.…”

Section: Fmri Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chua et al, 1999;Ploghaus et al, 1999;Sawamoto et al, 2000;Phelps et al, 2001;O'Doherty et al, 2002;Ueda et al, 2003;Wager et al, 2004;Simmons et al, 2004;Bermpohl et al, 2006, Nitschke et al, 2006, distinct brain regions comprising dorsolateral and inferior prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, cingulate gyrus, insula, amygdala, thalamus, midbrain, and parieto-occipital areas were principal regions of interest involved in the expectation of emotional stimuli with unknown valence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural correlates of a ‘pessimistic’ attitude when anticipating events of unknown emotional valence

et al. 2007

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Since we do not know what future holds for us, we prepare for expected emotional events in order to deal with a pleasant or threatening environment. From an evolutionary perspective, it makes sense to be particularly prepared for the worst-case scenario. We were interested to evaluate whether this assumption is reflected in the central nervous information processing associated with expecting visual stimuli of unknown emotional valence. While being scanned with functional magnetic resonance imaging, healthy subjects were cued to expect and then perceive visual stimuli with a known emotional valence as pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral, as well as stimuli of unknown valence that could have been either pleasant or unpleasant. While anticipating pictures of unknown valence, the activity of emotion processing brain areas was similar to activity associated with expecting unpleasant pictures, but there were no areas in which the activity was similar to the activity when expecting pleasant pictures. The activity of the revealed regions, including bilateral insula, right inferior frontal gyrus, medial thalamus, and red nucleus, further correlated with the individual ratings of mood: the worse the mood, the higher the activity. These areas are supposedly involved in a network for internal adaptation and preparation processes in order to act according to potential or certain unpleasant events. Their activity appears to reflect a 'pessimistic' bias by anticipating the events of unknown valence to be unpleasant.

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“…Using functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure, indirectly, neuronal activity during the administration of placebo with expectation of analgesia, Wager et al [9] showed a significant effect on the activation of the µ-opioid system (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, rostral anterior cingulate, left nucleus accumbens and right anterior insula). PET studies have shown that in painful conditions placebo will activate the same central structures of the pain matrix as opioids [10].…”

Section: Neurobiological Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons from placebo effects in migraine treatment

et al. 2007

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In medical research, the placebo effect is an important methodological tool. Placebo is given to participants in clinical trials, with the intention of mimicking an experimental intervention. The "nocebo" effect, on the other hand, is the phenomenon whereby a patient who believes that a treatment will cause harm actually does experience adverse effects. The placebo effect strongly influences the way the results of clinical trials are interpreted. Placebo responses vary with the choice of study design, the choice of primary outcome measure, the characteristics of the patients and the cultural setting in which the trial is conducted. In migraine trials, the placebo response is high, in terms of both efficacy and side effects. Although medical ethics committees are becoming increasingly resistant to the use of placebo in acute migraine trials, placebo nevertheless remains the pivotal comparator in trials of migraine medications.

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Placebo-Induced Changes in fMRI in the Anticipation and Experience of Pain

Cited by 1,750 publications

References 35 publications

New concept for backache: biopsychosocial pain syndrome

New concept for backache: biopsychosocial pain syndrome

Neural correlates of a ‘pessimistic’ attitude when anticipating events of unknown emotional valence

Lessons from placebo effects in migraine treatment

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