Placement and sizing of solar PV and Wind systems in trolleybus grids

Diab, Ibrahim; Scheurwater, Bram; Saffirio, Alice; Mouli, Gautham Ram Chandra; Bauer, Pavol

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131533

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The integration of EV chargers in the trolleybus network is not only an opportunity, but also a necessity for the effective integration of renewable energy source in the trolleygrid [6], by creating a base load for the RES sources. However, this multifunctionality requires sophisticated algorithms that would ensure that the bus demand is prioritized, without violating the trolleygrid operational limits.…”

Section: B Designing the Trolleygrid Of The Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trolleybuses, as a replacement for diesel buses, are making a comeback into this electric urban transport landscape, pushed by a recent advancements in battery technologies and electric mobility [3][4][5]. The trolleybus grid has as well the potential to go beyond its single function of powering the buses, and become a multifunctional smart grid integrating PV, EV-chargers, and storage systems, as shown in figure 1 [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increasing the Integration Potential of EV Chargers in DC Trolleygrids: A Bilateral Substation-Voltage Tuning Approach

Diab

Mouli

Bauer

2022

2022 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion (SPEEDAM)

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Light rail networks such as trolleybus grids have the potential to become multi-functional smart grids by using the excess capacity of the grid to implement PV systems, EV chargers, and storage. This paper offers a solution to increasing the potential for integration of EV chargers in the trolleygrid, without additional infrastructure costs, by simply tuning the nominal (no-load) voltages of bilaterally connected substations. This method shifts the load share between the two substations, creating more room for the integration of other utilities in a desired zone of the bus route. A mathematical derivation is presented, followed by a verifying case study using detailed and verified bus and trolleygrid simulation models for the city of Arnhem, the Netherlands. It is shown that by setting a substation nominal voltage from +10V compared to its bilateral substation to -10V, the substation can take, on average, as much as 7.5 percentage points less of the load share (from 45.9% to 38.4%) and see as much as 5 percentage points more of complete zeroload time (84.3% to 89.2%).

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Section: B Designing the Trolleygrid Of The Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing the Integration Potential of EV Chargers in DC Trolleygrids: A Bilateral Substation-Voltage Tuning Approach

Diab

Mouli

Bauer

2022

2022 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion (SPEEDAM)

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“…The extent of the erratic vehicle behavior can be observed in figure 3. Additionally, the Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) demand of a trolleybus in a cold environment can be as much as its traction demand, adding to the complexity of the load prediction [5,11,31,[48][49][50].…”

Section: A the Complexity Of Predicting Trolleygrid Load Demandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trolleybuses are destined to (re)become a key player, after decades of expansion and contraction that saw many of their networks going out of commission [8,9]. Their electrical grids are becoming increasingly more sophisticated with the inclusion of smart grid technologies [10], renewable energy sources (RES) [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], on-board and/or off-board storage [21][22][23][24][25], electric-vehicle (EV) chargers [15,[26][27][28], and In-Motion-Charging (IMC) buses [8,29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Key Technical and Non-Technical Challenges for Sustainable Transportation Electrification: A Case for Urban Catenary Buses

Diab

Mouli

Bauer

2022

2022 IEEE 20th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (PEMC)

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The transport sector has been increasing rather than decreasing its CO2 emissions, and its sustainable electrification faces a number of technical and non-technical challenges. This paper investigates these challenges, namely those of the grid load demand modelling, renewables integration, the present infrastructure limitations, and the policy/non-technical challenges. In synthesis, the suggested vision for the future sustainable urban bus network is presented as a catenary grid running In-Motion-Charging trolleybuses, with integrated PV, EV chargers, and stationary storage systems. The future grid must involve external players such as the DSO/TSO and research/academic institutions, with a dedicated coordination body, from pre-tendering all the way to daily operations.

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“…Renewable energies, such as solar energy and wind energy, are widely recognized as promising alternatives to fossil fuels . Many works have been done on integrating renewable energy sources into traditional energy systems. − For example, researchers studied integrated energy systems incorporating renewable energy sources in various ways. Yang et al developed a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model to achieve an optimal design of a distributed energy system integrating wind and solar energy .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Retrofit of Industrial Utility System Using Life Cycle Assessment and Two-Stage Stochastic Programming

Wang

Han

Zhao

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Utility systems provide heat and power to drive manufacturing processes, and they emit large amounts of carbon dioxide. Introducing renewable energy into the traditional industrial utility system can help to reduce carbon emissions significantly. This paper proposed a sustainable retrofit framework for utility systems based on life cycle assessment (LCA) and two-stage stochastic programming (TSSP). A superstructure model of the sustainable utility system was presented first by integrating wind and solar energy with fossil energy. Then, the first-principles models of the wind turbine, solar heat collector, and thermal storage tank were developed to retrofit the utility system under wind speed and solar radiation uncertainty. LCA was used to calculate the global warming potential (GWP) of the utility system, and then the multiobjective environmental and economic optimization model was formulated. The Latin hypercube sampling and k-medoids clustering methods were employed to handle wind speed and solar radiation uncertainty in the TSSP framework. Finally, a case study of an industrial utility system was applied to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The optimization results show that the TSSP method can reduce by 4.7% the total annual cost and lower by 3.9% the GWP in comparison to the deterministic optimization of a traditional utility system that does not integrate any renewable energy.

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Placement and sizing of solar PV and Wind systems in trolleybus grids

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

Increasing the Integration Potential of EV Chargers in DC Trolleygrids: A Bilateral Substation-Voltage Tuning Approach

Increasing the Integration Potential of EV Chargers in DC Trolleygrids: A Bilateral Substation-Voltage Tuning Approach

A Review of the Key Technical and Non-Technical Challenges for Sustainable Transportation Electrification: A Case for Urban Catenary Buses

Sustainable Retrofit of Industrial Utility System Using Life Cycle Assessment and Two-Stage Stochastic Programming

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