Placement of gels in stratified reservoirs using a sequential injection technique

Федоров, К. М.; Зубков, П. Т.

doi:10.1016/0920-4105(95)00061-5

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…It should be mentioned that most of the previous studies on water shutoff treatment were focused on the advantages of this preferential invasion characteristic of polymer that improves the potential of blocking fractures and HP thief zones and protects the hydrocarbon rich LP layer. , It was stated that increasing permeability contrast enhances this charactristic. ,, According to this fact, it is evident that proper gel placement in this work is a challenge that requires wise effort.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Smart Technique in Water Shutoff Treatment for a Layered Reservoir through an Engineered Injection/Production Scheme

Sharifpour

Riazi

Ayatollahi

2015

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The challenge of excess water production from low permeability layer of a stratified gas reservoir is investigated in this study. Considering the fluid flow behavior in heterogeneous porous media, placing a blocking agent within the lower permeability layer and protecting the adjacent higher permeable layer from damage is practically impossible. To overcome such challenge, a novel cation sensitive smart biopolymer is utilized in a wise sequential polymer injection/gas production scenario that includes a protective gas flow. To evaluate the conceptual proposition, a series of flow tests have been conducted in a stratified micromodel. It is shown that the proposed treatment efficiently restrains saline water in the lower permeability layer and protects the higher permeable layer from undesired damage. The results indicate that being smart in water shutoff treatment is not only employing smart materials but engineering their application is the key for success.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Smart Technique in Water Shutoff Treatment for a Layered Reservoir through an Engineered Injection/Production Scheme

Sharifpour

Riazi

Ayatollahi

2015

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The flow in the near wellbore zone is considered to be linear and perpendicular to the fracture plane, and it is assumed that the near wellbore zone itself is waterflooded to residual oil saturation. During the injection of a relatively small slug (small time interval) into a reservoir with layered heterogeneity, the horizontal flow prevails on vertical leakage and the flow can be assumed as horizontal [25]. The permeability tensor usually has two independent components but, if only horizontal flow is considered, the only corresponding permeability component is taken into account.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the fact that the injection volumes of the polymer-dispersed system are relatively small, vertical crossflows between interlayers can be neglected [12] and considered isolated from each other. Because the injection volume of the suspension system is relatively small, vertical crossflows between interlayers may be neglected [25] and layers are considered to be isolated from each other. The fracture is assumed ideal, that is, the proppant resistance in the fracture may be neglected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Theoretical Analysis of Profile Conformance Improvement Due to Suspension Injection

et al. 2021

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This study is focused on a solution for the problem of suspension penetration in a porous formation. Such a solution forms the basis of injection profile diversion technology for oil reservoir sweep improvement. A conventional model of deep-bed suspension flow was used to describe the suspension injection process. The suspension slug was followed by water injection, and the inflow injection profile before and after treatment was investigated. For the first time, the criteria that determine the effectiveness of the inflow profile improvement process are introduced. The effect of the suspension filtration coefficient on the particle penetration depth was studied. A specific filtration coefficient value for the maximum penetration depth was achieved. The obtained analytical solution was generalized on multi-reservoir strata with poor interlayer crosslinking. The efficiency of profile conformance improvement was described by the differences in the root-mean-square deviations of the inflow velocities in interlayers from mean values before and after the treatment. It was shown that the complex criterion of suspension treatment efficiency should include a reduction in total injectivity. An increase in suspension slug volume improves the injectivity profile but decreases the total injectivity of an injector.

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“…Sequential injection for in-situ gels (Fedorov and Zubkov 1996), also referred to as stratified reservoir in-situ gel treatment, is achieved by injecting a sequence of two reactants, a polymer solution and a cross-linker solution, and intermediate water slugs. It enables gel plugs to be formed in the reservoir.…”

Section: Sequential Injection For In-situ Gelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

State-of-the-Art of In-Depth Fluid Diversion Technology: Enhancing Reservoir Oil Recovery by Gel Treatments

et al. 2014

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In contrast to near-wellbore conformance control applications, polymer gels are applied in injector wells for reservoir scale applications for in-depth fluid diversion (IFD). Novel gel systems include weak gels, sequential injection for in-situ gels, colloidal dispersion gels, preformed gels, and microgels. The objective of an IFD process is to modify the prevailing reservoir inflow profile by gel treating the reservoir to significantly reduce effective permeability of high permeability zones that would otherwise dominate the water uptake. The weak gels or gel particles are treated as a flowing fluid and are custommade for reservoirs with fractures or high permeability zones. The very weak gels form near the wellbore region, but continue to propagate into the reservoir. The gels eventually stop propagating deeper into reservoir due to the variation in pressure gradients and pore structures. The subsequent injection of fluids, water or chemical solutions, will redirect predominate flow paths to unswept reservoir zones, which improves oil sweep efficiency by waterflood (or chemical flood); thus, leading to enhanced oil recovery. The technology presents distinctive advantages to high-salinity and high-temperature reservoirs as compared to polymer flooding due to stability of cross-linked gel structures.This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of IFD technologies including weak gels, sequential injection for in-situ gels, colloidal dispersion gels (CDG), microgels, and preformed particle gels (PPG). Moreover, a solution to the challenges of IFD applications in high-salinity and high-temperature reservoirs is presented.

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Placement of gels in stratified reservoirs using a sequential injection technique

Cited by 7 publications

References 3 publications

Smart Technique in Water Shutoff Treatment for a Layered Reservoir through an Engineered Injection/Production Scheme

Smart Technique in Water Shutoff Treatment for a Layered Reservoir through an Engineered Injection/Production Scheme

A Theoretical Analysis of Profile Conformance Improvement Due to Suspension Injection

State-of-the-Art of In-Depth Fluid Diversion Technology: Enhancing Reservoir Oil Recovery by Gel Treatments

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