Placenta praevia in Najran University hospital: incidence and risk factors

Abstract

INTRODUCTIONPlacenta praevia is characterized by the abnormal placenta overlying the endocervical os, and it is known as one of the most feared adverse maternal and fetalneonatal complications in obstetrics.1 Women with placenta praevia are at an increased risk of second trimester vaginal bleeding.2 Placenta praevia is a source of drastic pregnancy, fetal and neonatal complications, e.g. peripartum hysterectomy, blood transfusion, postpartum hemorrhage, and placenta accreta for the mother, prematurity and intrauterine growth restriction for the fetus and increase in neonatal mortality rates in singleton pregnancies. 3Pathophysiology of placenta praevia is uncertain.Moreover, there appears to be an association between endometrial damage and uterine scarring and subsequent placenta praevia. We have conducted this study to find out the incidence of placenta praevia in Najran University Hospital. 4 METHODSThis study is a cross-sectional descriptive, one-year retrospective and one-year prospective study, carried out from April 2014 to April 2016. All pregnant women attended the antenatal care clinic in Najran University Hospital during the study period, were included. The data was collected in a designed questionnaire after informed consent from all patients in the prospective period.The patient's records in the retrospective period were the source of data. Abdominal Ultrasound scanning was ABSTRACT Background: Placenta praevia is a source of drastic pregnancy, fetal and neonatal complications. There was variable incidence in the literature in different parts of the world and within the same country regions. We carried out this study to find the impact in our area and the possible risk factors for this serious obstetric problem. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional descriptive, one-year retrospective one-year prospective study, carried out from April 2014 to April 2016. All pregnant women attended the antenatal care clinic in Najran University Hospital during the study period, were included. Results: The incidence of placenta praevia was found to be 2.7%. AMONG the study group, the most affected age group was between 20-29 years. Previous placenta praevia and previous caesarean section were the significant risk factors P=0.00 and 0,017 repectively. Conclusions:The incidence of placenta praevia in Najran KSA in this study was high, compared to other regions in Saudi Arabia and the majority of the international figures. Caesarean section and previous placenta praevia were the significant risk factors for placenta praevia in this study.

Placenta Previa and the Associated Risk Factors

“…The prevalence of PP in our study was 2.2%, similar to that reported by Mustafa SB et al 13 ., but lower than the 1.6 % prevalence reported by N'guessan et al 14 . and 1.9 % reported by Kaur et al 15 .…”

“…27) 20 . Placenta praevia is more likely to occur if the PP patient had a previous placenta praevia or had a previous surgical operation 13 . Mustafa SB et al 13 reported an association between placenta praevia with previous caesarean (pvalue = 0.017), which is in agreement with our study.…”