Placental chorioangioma and pregnancy outcome: a ten-year retrospective study in a tertiary referral centre

Abstract

Background Placental chorioangioma is a rare disorder in pregnancy. We retrospectively reviewed the perinatal complications and long-term outcomes in pregnancies with placental chorioangioma and evaluated the factors affecting disease prognosis. Methods We reviewed pregnant women who delivered at our hospital in the past decade and whose diagnosis of placental chorioangioma was confirmed by pathological diagnosis. Information on maternal demographics, prenatal sonographic findings and perinatal outcomes was obtained by reviewing the medical records. In the latter part of the study, follow-up of children was conducted by phone interview. Results In the 10 years from August 2008 to December 2018, 175 cases(0.17%) were identified as placental chorioangioma histologically and 44(0.04%) of them were large chorioangiomas. Nearly one-third of cases with large chorioangiomas were associated with severe maternal and fetal complications or required prenatal intervention. Although one-fifth of fetuses/newborns complicated with large chorioangiomas were lost perinatally, the long-term prognosis for surviving fetuses was generally good. Further statistical analysis revealed that tumor size and location affect prognosis. Conclusion Placental chorioangioma may cause an unfavorable perinatal outcome. Regular ultrasound monitoring can provide the tumor characteristics which can be referred to for predicting the tendency of those complications and indicate when intervention may be necessary. It is not clear which factors lead to complications with fetal damage as the main manifestation or polyhydramnios as the main manifestation.

Multiple Giant Placental Chorioangioma: A Case Report

“…Small-sized chorioangiomas are often incidentally discovered during the third trimester, whereas larger tumors (>4cm) are more easily identified 13 . The diagnosis primarily relies on ultrasound, where they appear as well-defined lesions with distinct echogenicity compared to surrounding tissue 11,14,15 . They are commonly found in close proximity to the cord insertion site on the fetal surface of the placenta, where they extend into the amniotic cavity 16 .…”

“…The management of pregnancy complications depends on both gestational age and maternal-fetal symptoms 14 . A promising therapeutic approach for managing symptomatic cases involves blocking the tumor-feeding vessels.…”