Placental Endocrine Function and Hormone Action

Albrecht, Eugene D.; Pepe, Gerald J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-397175-3.00040-5

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 629 publications

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“…Changes in ESR mRNA expression in blood vessels during early pregnancy are likely associated with the regulatory role estrogens play in vascular functions in the uterus and placenta such as regulation of blood flow, vascular tone, promotion of angiogenesis, blood vessel remodeling and others [32,37–40]. Overall, our results, which demonstrate differential mRNA expression and distribution of steroid receptors depending on uterine vs. placental compartments, support known phenomena that steroid hormones play different roles in the regulation of uterine and placental functions in pregnant vs. non-pregnant animals [10–12,41].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sex steroids are major regulators of uterine and placental growth and function in mammalian species [10–12]. Steroid hormones exert their direct effects through nuclear and membrane receptors [10–12]. Uterine and placental expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR, respectively) has been well described for numerous species [3,8,9,10–14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Steroid hormones exert their direct effects through nuclear and membrane receptors [10–12]. Uterine and placental expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR, respectively) has been well described for numerous species [3,8,9,10–14]. Steroid receptors are expressed in several uterine and placental compartments, and their expression is regulated by estradiol-17β (E2), progesterone (P4) and other regulatory factors [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Placental development during early pregnancy in sheep: nuclear estrogen and progesterone receptor mRNA expression in the utero-placental compartments

Grazul-Bilska

Bairagi

Kraisoon

et al. 2019

Domestic Animal Endocrinology

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Sex steroid hormones are major regulators of uterine and placental growth and functions, as well as many other biological processes. To examine the mRNA expression of nuclear estrogen (ESR1 and 2) and progesterone (PGRAB and B) receptors in different compartments of the uterus and placenta, tissues were collected in experiment 1, on days 16, 20 and 28 after natural mating (NAT) and on day 10 after estrus (non-pregnant controls [NP]); and in experiment 2, on day 22 of NAT, and pregnancies established after transfer of embryos generated through mating of FSH-treated ewes (NAT-ET), in vitro fertilization (IVF), or in vitro activation (IVA; parthenotes). In experiment 1, ESR1 expression in endometrial stroma (ES), endometrial glands (EG) and myometrial blood vessels (MBV), ESR2 in endometrial blood vessels (EBV), PGRAB in ES, and PGRB in ES, EG and MBV was greater in pregnant than NP depending on day of pregnancy. Day of pregnancy affected expression of ESR1 in MBV, ESR2 in EBV and MBV, and PGRAB in ES. In experiment 2, ESR1, PGRAB and PGRB in EG, but not in other compartments, was greater in NAT-ET than NAT, and PGRB was greater in NAT-ET than the IVF. These data demonstrated that the ESR and PGR expression was different in pregnant vs. NP ewes in selected compartments, and was affected by pregnancy stage or embryo origin in selected utero-placental compartments. Thus, sex steroid hormone mRNA expression is differentially regulated in a spatio-temporal manner in uterus and placenta, and is affected by application of assisted reproductive technology in sheep.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Placental development during early pregnancy in sheep: nuclear estrogen and progesterone receptor mRNA expression in the utero-placental compartments

Grazul-Bilska

Bairagi

Kraisoon

et al. 2019

Domestic Animal Endocrinology

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“…Few physiological transitions are as extreme as breastfeeding and pregnancy in women, which entail massive alterations in metabolism, immune function, and hormone levels (eg, estradiol, progesterone, and human chorionic gonadotropin) (Albrecht & Pepe, 2015; Anderson, MacLean, McManaman, & Neville, 2015; Robertson, Petroff, & Hunt, 2015). Investment into reproduction—particularly in conditions of resource scarcity—are expected to lead to tradeoffs with somatic maintenance that will manifest as accelerated BA.…”

Section: Applications and Utility Of Epigenetic Clocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Epigenetic clocks”: Theory and applications in human biology

Ryan

2020

American J Hum Biol

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All humans age, but how we age—and how fast—differs considerably from person to person. This deviation between apparent age and chronological age is often referred to as “biological age” (BA) and until recently robust tools for studying BA have been scarce. “Epigenetic clocks” are starting to change this. Epigenetic clocks use predictable changes in the epigenome, usually DNA methylation, to estimate chronological age with unprecedented accuracy. More importantly, deviations between epigenetic age and chronological age predict a broad range of health outcomes and mortality risks better than chronological age alone. Thus, epigenetic clocks appear to capture fundamental molecular processes tied to BA and can serve as powerful tools for studying health, development, and aging across the lifespan. In this article, I review epigenetic clocks, especially as they relate to key theoretical and applied issues in human biology. I first provide an overview of how epigenetic clocks are constructed and what we know about them. I then discuss emerging applications of particular relevance to human biologists—those related to reproduction, life‐history, stress, and the environment. I conclude with an overview of the methods necessary for implementing epigenetic clocks, including considerations of study design, sample collection, and technical considerations for processing and interpreting epigenetic clocks. The goal of this review is to highlight some of the ways that epigenetic clocks can inform questions in human biology, and vice versa, and to provide human biologists with the foundational knowledge necessary to successfully incorporate epigenetic clocks into their research.

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Male Hypogonadism Resulting from Mutations in the Genes for the Gonadotropin Subunits and Their Receptors

Huhtaniemi

2017

Male Hypogonadism

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Placental Endocrine Function and Hormone Action

Cited by 11 publications

References 629 publications

Placental development during early pregnancy in sheep: nuclear estrogen and progesterone receptor mRNA expression in the utero-placental compartments

Placental development during early pregnancy in sheep: nuclear estrogen and progesterone receptor mRNA expression in the utero-placental compartments

“Epigenetic clocks”: Theory and applications in human biology

Male Hypogonadism Resulting from Mutations in the Genes for the Gonadotropin Subunits and Their Receptors

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