Placental Inflammation and Perinatal Transmission of HIV-1

Mwanyumba, Fabian; Gaillard, Philippe; Inion, I; Verhofstede, Chris; Claeys, Pieter W.; Chohan, Vrasha; Vansteelandt, Stijn; Mandaliya, Kishorchandra; Praet, Marleen; Temmerman, Marleen

doi:10.1097/00126334-200203010-00006

Cited by 48 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Other commonly cited MTCT risk factors include low CD4 counts, increased exposure to maternal blood or cervicovaginal secretions, and chorioamnionitis. (12) (16) (40) Maternal plasma viral load was not significantly different in mothers co-infected with STIs in comparsion to those uninfected with STIs. The role of STIs as a risk factor for increased HIV MTCT has been suggested by observational studies in pregnant women with genital tract infections including herpes simplex virus-2, bacterial vaginosis, human papilloma virus, and syphilis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…(8) (12) (14–16) The presence of chorioamnionitis itself may lead to a 2.9–7.6-fold increased risk of HIV MTCT, especially in-utero transmission. (8) (14) Additional studies in our same NICHD HPTN 040 cohort of mother-infant pairs demonstrated a significant association between maternal syphilis and HIV MTCT, particularly with in utero HIV transmission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Chlamydia and Gonorrhea in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women and Infant HIV Transmission

Adachi¹,

Klausner²,

Bristow³

et al. 2015

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) can lead to adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. STI prevalence and its association with HIV mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) were evaluated in a sub-study analysis from a randomized, multi-center clinical trial. METHODOLOGY Urine samples from HIV-infected pregnant women collected at the time of labor and delivery were tested using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for the detection of CT and NG (Xpert® CT/NG, Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA). Infant HIV infection was determined by HIV DNA PCR at 3 months. RESULTS Of the 1373 urine specimens, 249 (18.1%) were positive for CT and 63 (4.6%) for NG; 35 (2.5%) had both CT and NG detected. Among 117 cases of HIV MTCT (8.5% transmission) the lowest transmission rate occurred among infants born to CT and NG uninfected mothers (8.1%) as compared to those infected with only CT (10.7%) and both CT and NG (14.3%), (p = 0.04). Infants born to CT-infected mothers had almost a 1.5-fold increased risk for HIV acquisition (OR 1.47, 95% CI 0.9–2.3, p=0.09). CONCLUSION This cohort of HIV-infected pregnant women are at high risk for infection with CT and NG. Analysis suggests that STIs may predispose to an increased HIV MTCT risk in this high risk cohort of HIV-infected women.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlamydia and Gonorrhea in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women and Infant HIV Transmission

Adachi¹,

Klausner²,

Bristow³

et al. 2015

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Numerous studies have established that high maternal HIV-1 load is a major risk factor for HIV-1 MTCT [2-6], and reduction of maternal HIV-1 RNA load with antiretroviral drugs significantly reduces the rate of HIV-1 MTCT [7, 8]. Additional factors such as chorioamnionitis [9], syphilis [6] and possibly placental inflammation [9-11], have also been associated with HIV-1 MTCT. Although the timing of HIV-transmission is fairly clearly understood, apart from the aforementioned conditions, the molecular mechanism of HIV-1 MTCT is not well understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated cytokine and chemokine levels in the placenta are associated with in-utero HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission

Kumar

Exten

Milner

et al. 2012

Aids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective To determine if there is an association between cytokine and chemokine levels in plasma isolated from the placenta and HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). Design We designed a case-control study of HIV-infected, pregnant women enrolled in the Malaria and HIV in Pregnancy cohort. Participants were recruited in Blantyre, Malawi from 2000-04. Cases were women whose children were HIV-1 DNA-positive at birth (in utero MTCT) or HIV-1 DNA-negative at birth and HIV-1 DNA-positive at 6-weeks post-partum (intrapartum MTCT); controls were women whose children were HIV-1 DNA-negative both at birth and 6-weeks post-partum. Methods After delivery, blood was isolated from an incision on the basal plate of the placenta. We used a Luminex assay to simultaneously quantify 27 cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in placental plasma. HIV-1 RNA copies were quantified with the Roche Amplicor kit. Results Levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-9, eotaxin, IL1Ra and IP-10 were significantly elevated in placental plasma isolated from cases of in utero HIV-1 MTCT. In contrast, only GCSF was elevated in placental plasma isolated from cases of intrapartum MTCT. After adjusting for maternal age, gestational age, and peripheral CD4+ T cell count, every log10 increase in placental IP-10 was associated with a three-fold increase in the prevalence of in utero HIV-1 MTCT. Conclusions Elevated cytokine and chemokine levels in placental plasma were associated with in utero and not intrapartum MTCT. IP-10, which is both a T-cell chemokine and potentiator of HIV-replication, was robustly and independently associated with prevalent, in utero MTCT.

show abstract

“…This finding is similar to some other reported studies. 6,12 In association with PROM, more than eight vaginal examination intrapartum increases the risk of chorioamnionitis by five-fold. 24 The median number of intrapartum vaginal examination in this study was 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chorioamnionitis in pregnancy: a comparative study of HIV-positive and HIV-negative parturients

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Chorioamnionitis is an important risk factor for vertical transmission of HIV/AIDS. We compared the prevalence and correlates of chorioamnionitis in HIV-positive and HIV-negative pregnant women. Methods HIV-positive and -negative parturients were interviewed, examined and had their placenta examined histologically for chorioamnionitis. Data regarding HIV were also retrieved from their hospital records. Results A total of 298 parturients (150 HIV positive and 148 HIV negative) were enrolled. The two groups were similar in socio-demographic and obstetric parameters except for age. The prevalence of HCA was 57.1% in HIV-positive women and 61.6% in HIV-negative women (p = 0.43). HCA staging was associated with the number of intrapartum vaginal examinations in HIV-positive subjects and nulliparity in HIV-negative subjects. The number of intrapartum vaginal examinations and coitus in the week prior to delivery significantly affected the grade of HCA in HIV-negative subjects. Conclusion The prevalence of HCA in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative is high. Most variables did not affect the occurrence of histologic chorioamnionitis in both groups studied except number of intrapartum examinations, coitus in the preceding one week and nulliparity which were related to severity of the disease.

show abstract

Placental Inflammation and Perinatal Transmission of HIV-1

Cited by 48 publications

References 34 publications

Chlamydia and Gonorrhea in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women and Infant HIV Transmission

Chlamydia and Gonorrhea in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women and Infant HIV Transmission

Elevated cytokine and chemokine levels in the placenta are associated with in-utero HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission

Chorioamnionitis in pregnancy: a comparative study of HIV-positive and HIV-negative parturients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About