Placental retention in a bonobo (<i>Pan paniscus</i>)

Halbwax, Michel; Mahamba, Crispin Kamate; Ngalula, Anne-Marie; André, Claudine

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0684.2009.00341.x

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Anecdotally, some nonhuman primate observers report that a small degree of blood loss is common at delivery (captive chimpanzees: Steven Ross, e‐mail with Abrams, August 2, 2010; wild mantled howler monkeys: Paul Garber, conference presentation, October 2009; captive common marmoset monkeys: Rutherford, personal observation, August 2004–July 2006), but we were unable able to find any accounts of excessive blood loss at delivery or maternal mortality linked to PPH in the nonhuman primate literature. In addition, we found only two published reports of retained placenta, a key risk factor for PPH, in nonhuman primates (for Golden Lion tamarin [ Leontopithecus rosalia ], see Bronson et al 2005; for bonobo [ Pan paniscus ], see Halbwax et al 2009). Considering the importance of pregnancy and labor in zoos and captive research and breeding facilities, the lack of an anecdotal literature on PPH in nonhuman primates can be viewed as tentative support for the hypothesis that the elevated incidence of PPH is unique to humans, although more systematic study is clearly required, particularly among the great apes.…”

Section: Human Vulnerability To Postpartum Hemorrhage In Comparative mentioning

confidence: 90%

Framing Postpartum Hemorrhage as a Consequence of Human Placental Biology: An Evolutionary and Comparative Perspective

Abrams

Rutherford

2011

American Anthropologist

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Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), the leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide, is responsible for 35 percent of maternal deaths. Proximately, PPH results from the failure of the placenta to separate from the uterine wall properly, most often because of impairment of uterine muscle contraction. Despite its prevalence and its well-described clinical manifestations, the ultimate causes of PPH are not known and have not been investigated through an evolutionary lens. We argue that vulnerability to PPH stems from the intensely invasive nature of human placentation. The human placenta causes uterine vessels to undergo transformation to provide the developing fetus with a high plane of maternal resources; the degree of this transformation in humans is extensive. We argue that the particularly invasive nature of the human placenta increases the possibility of increased blood loss at parturition. We review evidence suggesting PPH and other placental disorders represent an evolutionarily novel condition in hominins.

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Section: Human Vulnerability To Postpartum Hemorrhage In Comparative mentioning

confidence: 90%

Framing Postpartum Hemorrhage as a Consequence of Human Placental Biology: An Evolutionary and Comparative Perspective

Abrams

Rutherford

2011

American Anthropologist

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“…Retained placentas have been reported in bonobos ( Pan paniscus ), chimpanzees, mandrill, golden lion tamarin ( Leontopithecus rosalia ), grey naped mangabey, baboon species, cynomolgus macaque, and rhesus macaque (Feltrer, Unpub. Data (Bauer & Harrison, 2016; Bronson et al, 2005; Calle & Stringfellow, 1991; Halbwax et al, 2009)). Predisposing factors are stillbirths and abortions, previous C‐sections or uterine surgery, bacterial infections, and gestational diabetes (Bauer & Harrison, 2016).…”

Section: Reproductive Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive one health in primates

Moresco¹,

Feltrer‐Rambaud²,

Wolfman

et al. 2021

American J Primatol

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One Health is a collaborative trans‐disciplinary approach to health; integrating human, animal, and environmental health. The focus is often on infection disease transmission and disease risk mitigation. However, One Health also includes the multidisciplinary and comparative approach to disease investigation and health of humans, animals, and the environment. One key aspect of environmental/ecosystem health is conservation, the maintenance of healthy, actively reproducing wildlife populations. Reproduction and reproductive health are an integral part of the One Health approach: the comparative aspects of reproduction can inform conservation policies or breeding strategies (in situ and ex situ) in addition to physiology and disease. Differences in reproductive strategies affect the impact poaching and habitat disruption might have on a given population, as well as ex situ breeding programs and the management of zoo and sanctuary populations. Much is known about chimpanzees, macaques, and marmosets as these are common animal models, but there is much that remains unknown regarding reproduction in many other primates. Examining the similarities and differences between and within taxonomic groups allows reasonable extrapolation for decision‐making when there are knowledge gaps. For example: (1) knowing that a species has very low reproductive rates adds urgency to conservation policy for that region or species; (2) identifying species with short or absent lactation anestrus allows ex situ institutions to better plan contraception options for specific individuals or prepare for the immediate next pregnancy; (3) recognizing that progestin contraceptives are effective contraceptives, but may be associated with endometrial hyperplasia in some species (in Lemuridae but not great apes) better guides empirical contraceptive choice; (4) recognizing the variable endometriosis prevalence across taxa improves preventive medicine programs. A summary of anatomical variation, endocrinology, contraception, pathology, and diagnostics is provided to illustrate these features and aid in routine physical and postmortem examinations as well as primate management.

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