Places and social contexts associated with simultaneous use of alcohol, tobacco and marijuana among young adults

Lipperman‐Kreda, Sharon; Paschall, Mallie J.; Saltz, Robert F.; Morrison, Christopher N.

doi:10.1111/dar.12537

Cited by 48 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Results showed that social events with greater numbers of other underage drinkers, but not larger numbers of people more generally, was associated with increased risks of simultaneous alcohol and marijuana use. In a study of young adults we similarly found that the perceived percent of intoxicated people at an event, but not the overall number of people at that event, was associated with greater risks of using alcohol with marijuana (Lipperman-Kreda et al, 2017). Results of the current investigation also showed that the presence of relatively large number of underage drinkers was positively associated with use of alcohol and marijuana exclusively, suggesting that the presence of other underage drinkers may provide normative cues about the acceptability of using other substances as well as using alcohol with other substances simultaneously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Adolescents, alcohol, and marijuana: Context characteristics and problems associated with simultaneous use

Lipperman‐Kreda

Gruenewald

Grube

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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112

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We investigated contexts of simultaneous use of alcohol and marijuana and the impact of simultaneous use on problems among adolescents. Ecological momentary assessment data were obtained over two weekends from 150 adolescents in California (47% female, M age = 16.36 years), using smartphone surveys administered early and late in the evening and again the following morning. We assessed whether, in what context, and with whom adolescents drank alcohol and used other substances over 3 evening hours. We assessed problems they experienced each evening on the following morning. Results showed that greater adult supervision in every context was associated with a 55% lower risk of simultaneous use (RRR=0.45, p≤ .05). Contexts with no other underage drinkers were associated with 99% lower risk of simultaneous use (RRR=0.01, p≤ .005). Each occasion of simultaneous use was related to 110% increase in the number of problems (IRR=2.10, p≤ .005), with 83%, 221% and 311% greater odds of violence (OR=1.83, p≤ .05), driving under the influence or riding with a drunk driver (OR=3.21, p≤ .05), or being drunk (OR=4.11, p≤ .005). Additional analyses showed that these problems may be attributed largely to the alcohol consumed in each context. Results demonstrate that it is essential to consider situational and social characteristics of substance use contexts to better understand adolescent simultaneous use of alcohol and drugs and problems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Adolescents, alcohol, and marijuana: Context characteristics and problems associated with simultaneous use

Lipperman‐Kreda

Gruenewald

Grube

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

Self Cite

112

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“…Far less work has focused on identifying individual characteristics of SAM users; these findings suggest that SAM users differ not only on the negative substance use outcomes they experience, but also the individual characteristics that may predict their odds of being a SAM user. As the field moves toward developing interventions that target unique characteristics of SAM users, it is critical that we continue to explore the personality characteristics, motivations (Patrick, Fairlie, & Lee, 2018), and situations (Lipperman-Kreda et al, 2018) that distinguish SAM users from alcohol-only users.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Identifying individuals who are most likely to be SAM users relative to individuals who use only alcohol, and identifying key individual risk factors that are associated with frequency of SAM use may help guide prevention and intervention content. There are some known demographic differences, such that individuals who are young adults (Subbaraman & Kerr, 2015), White (Terry-McElrath et al, 2013), male, and less educated (Midanik et al, 2007;Lipperman-Kreda, Paschall, Saltz, & Morrison, 2018) are more likely to be SAM users than single substance users or co-users who do not use both substances at the same time. Far less, however, is known about individual characteristics that may increase one's odds of being a SAM user or their frequency of SAM use.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Use of Alcohol and Marijuana: Patterns and Individual Differences

Linden-Carmichael

Stamates

Lau‐Barraco

2019

Substance Use & Misuse

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Background: Simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use, or using alcohol and marijuana in such a way that their effects overlap, is associated with negative health and behavioral outcomes. Objectives: Our study sought to fill gaps in our knowledge on this emerging public health concern by comparing SAM users and alcohol-only users on individual-level factors and substance use outcomes as well as examining associations of SAM use frequency, within users. Methods: Participants were recruited through online postings. Our analytic sample consisted of 1,017 young adults (18-25 years) who reported past-month alcohol use. Most were male (67.8%), Caucasian (71.5%), and had attended at least some college (74.8%). Results: Past-year SAM users reported higher levels of sensation seeking and greater perceptions of their close friends' drinking behavior in comparison to alcohol-only users. SAM users reported heavier and more frequent alcohol use than alcohol-only users. Within past-year SAM users, 70% reported SAM use at least weekly. More frequent SAM use was associated with all alcohol use outcomes (e.g., weekly quantity, frequency, alcohol-related problems) and marijuana use outcomes (e.g., quantity, frequency, peak use) and higher drinking norms. Conclusions/Importance: It is clear that SAM users are a vulnerable sub-population of young adult drinkers. SAM users are differentiated from alcohol-only users in terms of their personality characteristics and perceptions of peer groups' drinking. SAM users and more frequent users are also at heightened risk for substance use outcomes. Prevention and intervention efforts targeting high-risk drinking may benefit from also assessing whether they simultaneously use alcohol and marijuana.

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“…Social cannabis users were almost three times more likely to co‐consume alcohol than solitary users. In a previous study, the presence of other intoxicated people increased the likelihood of alcohol‐cannabis co‐use . The absence of others may reduce the risk of alcohol co‐use due to the lack of social‐contextual factors typically associated with drinking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Context matters: Characteristics of solitary versus social cannabis use

Spinella

Stewart

Barrett

2019

Drug and Alcohol Review

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Introduction and Aims Given the increase in cannabis availability and use in North America, identification of risk factors for cannabis use and dependence is paramount. One factor that may be associated with various cannabis‐related adverse outcomes is the context in which it is used. This secondary analysis study sought to examine the extent to which the social context of cannabis use is related to patterns of use and associated harms. Design and Methods One hundred and eighty‐eight adult cannabis users were community‐recruited in Halifax, Canada. Participants took part in a face‐to‐face structured interview where they provided information about the social context of their most recent cannabis‐using occasion and about their patterns of, and motives for, cannabis use. Results Compared to individuals reporting their most recent cannabis‐using occasion as social, solitary users (n = 55) were significantly more likely to screen positive for psychosis, endorse more symptoms of cannabis abuse/dependence, report using cannabis to cope, and use cannabis on more days within the previous 30 days. On the other hand, social users were significantly more likely to report using alcohol in addition to cannabis during their most recent cannabis‐using occasion (all P < 0.05). Discussion and Conclusions Results suggest that solitary cannabis use may be associated with specific motives for use and future adverse consequences. Findings from this study serve as a guide for future investigations which could ultimately inform public policy and the development of targeted harm‐reduction strategies.

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Places and social contexts associated with simultaneous use of alcohol, tobacco and marijuana among young adults

Cited by 48 publications

References 27 publications

Adolescents, alcohol, and marijuana: Context characteristics and problems associated with simultaneous use

Adolescents, alcohol, and marijuana: Context characteristics and problems associated with simultaneous use

Simultaneous Use of Alcohol and Marijuana: Patterns and Individual Differences

Context matters: Characteristics of solitary versus social cannabis use

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