Plague Outbreaks in Africa – A Gesture of New Pandemic

Qazi, Sana; Ullah, Irfan; Jabbar, Abdul; Tahir, Muhammad Junaid

doi:10.1017/dmp.2022.67

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, outbreaks and sporadic cases continue to occur [3]. In recent years, cases of plague have been reported in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Madagascar, and Peru [4,5]. The worst plague epidemic of the 21st century in Madagascar resulted in approximately 2400 cases and 200 deaths, causing global concern [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spray-Dried Inhalable Powder Formulations of Gentamicin Designed for Pneumonic Plague Therapy in a Mouse Model

Zhu

Zhang

et al. 2022

Pharmaceutics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Infection with Yersinia pestis (Y. pestis) may cause pneumonic plague, which is inevitably fatal without treatment. Gentamicin (GM), an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is a drug commonly used in the treatment of plague. However, it requires repeated intramuscular or intravenous administration. Pulmonary drug delivery is noninvasive, with the advantages of local targeting and reduced risk of systemic toxicity. In this study, GM powders were prepared using spray-drying technology. The powders displayed good physical and chemical properties and met the requirements for human pulmonary inhalation. The formulation of the powders was optimized using a 32 full factorial design. A formulation of 15% (w/w) of L-leucine was prepared, and the spray-drying process parameters using an inlet temperature of 120°C and a 15% pump rate were determined to produce the best powder. In addition, the optimized GM spray-dried powders were characterized in terms of morphology, crystallinity, powder fluidity, and aerodynamic particle size distribution analysis. In a mouse model of pneumonic plague, we compared the therapeutic effects among three administration routes, including subcutaneous injection, liquid atomization, and dry powder atomization. In conclusion, our data suggest that inhalation therapy with GM spray-dried powders is an effective treatment for pneumonic plague.

show abstract