Planar chips technology for miniaturization and integration of separation techniques into monitoring systems

Manz, Andreas; Harrison, David; Verpoorte, Elisabeth; Fettinger, James C.; Paulus, Aran; Lüdi, Hans; Widmer, Hans

doi:10.1016/0021-9673(92)80293-4

Cited by 1,013 publications

(662 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…With the standard photolithography and wet chemical etching techniques [19], the microchip was fabricated from a 6.3 cm × 6.3 cm soda lime glass substrate precoated with 145 nm Cr layer and 570 nm positive AZ1518 photoresist (Shaoguang Microelectronics Corp., Changsha, China). An imprinted photomask as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Microchipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation of catecholamines by microchip electrophoresis with a simple integrated laser-induced fluorescence detector

Li¹,

Cai²,

Lin³

2006

Analytica Chimica Acta

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A simple microchip electrophoresis-laser-induced fluorescence device was constructed and used for separation and determination of catecholamines. On the fabricated glass chip, an extra optical fiber insertion channel, which was perpendicular and extremely close to the separation channel, was directly integrated by nothing operations more than design features on the photomask. The utilization of optical fiber to transmit the excitation light and the integration fiber channel make the fluorescence detection system simple and disposable. For electrophoresis, optimization of separation conditions was investigated for reaching high separation efficiency and sensitivity. A separation efficiency as high as 10 6 theoretical plate numbers could be obtained for the analytes.

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Section: Fabrication Of Microchipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation of catecholamines by microchip electrophoresis with a simple integrated laser-induced fluorescence detector

Li¹,

Cai²,

Lin³

2006

Analytica Chimica Acta

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“…This type of pumping is frequently employed in separation chemistry for capillary electrophoresis, traditionally in fused silica capillaries, but recently more and more in planar quartz structures [32][33][34]. It should be noted that this type of pump is of the current-source type.…”

Section: Electroosmotic Flow (Eof)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro Total Analysis Systems: Microfluidic Aspects, Integration Concept and Applications

Berg

Lammerink

1998

Topics in Current Chemistry

197

102

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In this contribution three aspects of miniaturized total analysis systems (mTAS) are described and discussed in detail. First, an overview of microfabricated components for fluid handling is given. A description of the importance of sampling-and fluid-handling techniques is followed by details of microvalves, micropumps and micro flowchannels. Secondly, the problems associated with system integration are discussed. As a solution for the realization of microfluidic-and micro analysis systems, the concept of a planar mixed circuit board (MCB) as a platform for the integration of different components is described. In addition, the design, modeling and simulation, and realization of several components in the form of standard modules for integration on a MCB is described. As an illustration of the potential of this approach, the realization of a mTAS demonstrator for the optical detection of the pH change of a pH indicator, is presented. Finally, a number of different applications of mTAS are described, such as on-line process monitoring, environmental monitoring, biomedical and space applications and DNA-analysis.

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“…Historically speaking, flow cytometry was the first technique to analyze individual subcellular particles [1], so it is not surprising that many of the first analyses of large populations of individual microparticles [2][3][4][5][6][7], cells [8,9], and subcellular particles [10] on microfluidic devices also used flow cytometry. Electrophoretic separation schemes have also been used since the first glass microfluidic devices were described by Manz et al [11] and Harrison et al [12,13] and they continue to be quite popular due to ease of application. IEF [14] and electrophoresis [15] on microfluidic devices have been used to determine mitochondrial pI and electrophoretic mobility, respectively, both of which can be used to evaluate differences in the surface characteristics of biological particles [14,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LIF was used in the first microfluidic devices [11][12][13] because its power as a detection scheme made it an ideal match for the small sample quantities and, typically, pL-sized detection volumes. Ocvirk et al [20] later pioneered the use of epifluorescence in microfluidics, which focuses the laser and collects the fluorescence through the same objective, and achieved a zmol LOD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining under‐ and oversampling of individual particle distributions in microfluidic electrophoresis with orthogonal laser‐induced fluorescence detection

et al. 2008

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This report investigates the effects of sample size on the separation and analysis of individual biological particles using microfluidic devices equipped with an orthogonal LIF detector. A detection limit of 17 6 1 molecules of fluorophore is obtained using this orthogonal LIF detector under a constant flow of fluorescein, which is a significant improvement over epifluorescence, the most common LIF detection scheme used with microfluidic devices. Mitochondria from rat liver tissue and cultured 143B osteosarcoma cells are used as model biological particles. Quantile-quantile (q-q) plots were used to investigate changes in the distributions. When the number of detected mitochondrial events became too large (.72 for rat liver and .98 for 143B mitochondria), oversampling occurs. Statistical overlap theory is used to suggest that the cause of oversampling is that separation power of the microfluidic device presented is not enough to adequately separate large numbers of individual mitochondrial events. Fortunately, q-q plots make it possible to identify and exclude these distributions from data analysis. Additionally, when the number of detected events became too small (,55 for rat liver and ,81 for 143B mitochondria) there were not enough events to obtain a statistically relevant mobility distribution, but these distributions can be combined to obtain a statistically relevant electrophoretic mobility distribution.

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Planar chips technology for miniaturization and integration of separation techniques into monitoring systems

Cited by 1,013 publications

References 14 publications

Separation of catecholamines by microchip electrophoresis with a simple integrated laser-induced fluorescence detector

Separation of catecholamines by microchip electrophoresis with a simple integrated laser-induced fluorescence detector

Micro Total Analysis Systems: Microfluidic Aspects, Integration Concept and Applications

Determining under‐ and oversampling of individual particle distributions in microfluidic electrophoresis with orthogonal laser‐induced fluorescence detection

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