Planet Patrolling: A citizen science brand audit of anthropogenic litter in the context of national legislation and international policy

Stanton, Thomas H.; Chico, Guaduneth; Carr, Elizabeth A.; Cook, Sarah; Gomes, Rachel L.; Heard, Elizabeth; Law, Antonia; Wilson, H. Lee; Johnson, Matthew F.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129118

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…At present, most methods depend on some degree of visual selection of items or particles. The most direct visual selection methods occur for macroplastics in surveys on land (68,69) but can also occur at the sea surface from ships or aircraft, and on the seafloor by divers or towed underwater camera systems, in which only debris visible to the observer (for direct observation) or to the analyst (for photographs or video) is recorded (70).…”

Section: Field and Laboratory Methods For Sampling And Identifying Pl...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This creates a large amount of persistent plastic waste, and a proportion of this waste can enter the environment as litter. For example, Stanton et al (69) conducted a detailed citizen science survey of anthropogenic litter across freshwater, terrestrial, and coastal environments of the United Kingdom. They reported that beverage items (defined as any item associated with beverages, including containers, lids, stirrers, and straws) and nonbeverage packaging represented 56% of anthropogenic litter, accounting for 33% and 22%, respectively.…”

Section: Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They reported that beverage items (defined as any item associated with beverages, including containers, lids, stirrers, and straws) and nonbeverage packaging represented 56% of anthropogenic litter, accounting for 33% and 22%, respectively. Following these, plastic fragments, cigarette items (packaging, filters, and butts), and expanded PS were the only other categories to represent >5% of the anthropogenic litter recorded, at 9%, 6%, and 5%, respectively (69). Surveys that categorize plastic to the product level can aid source attribution and efforts to associate pathways of anthropogenic litter with key stakeholders.…”

Section: Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plastics and the Environment

Napper,

Thompson

2023

Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour.

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Plastics are persistent and pervasive throughout the environment and have now been reported from the deepest parts of the ocean to the tops of the highest and most remote mountains. There is a body of information on the sources, degradation, and transport of plastics as well as a variety of research investigating the ecotoxicological and wider ecological consequences of plastic ingestion and accumulation. Such knowledge has been obtained with developments in field and laboratory methods for plastic identification and then well-publicized in the media and wider public communications. However, although there has been a large focus on plastic pollution within the past decade, there is plenty that we do not yet know. Even within the past five years, sources of microplastics (1 μm–5 mm) to the environment have been confirmed that had not previously been considered, for example, road paints and tire wear particles. Initial research focused on plastic in the marine environment, but understanding on the accumulation and impacts in terrestrial and freshwater environments is growing. There is a substantial lack of basic science focused on the efficiency of solutions aimed at mitigating plastic pollution. This review highlights some recent (past five years) research on plastics in the environment, including investigations in accumulation, sources, distribution, impacts, solutions and provides directions for future work.

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Section: Field and Laboratory Methods For Sampling And Identifying Pl...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plastics and the Environment

Napper,

Thompson

2023

Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour.

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“…Brand audit events (surveys of brands on plastic waste, also described as audit events or events throughout) are being used to drive producer responsibility initiatives (22)(23)(24). Notably, from 2018 to 2022, brand audit events were conducted across six continents with over 100,000 volunteers following a consistent protocol (25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global producer responsibility for plastic pollution

Cowger,

Willis,

Bullock

et al. 2024

Sci. Adv.

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Brand names can be used to hold plastic companies accountable for their items found polluting the environment. We used data from a 5-year (2018–2022) worldwide (84 countries) program to identify brands found on plastic items in the environment through 1576 audit events. We found that 50% of items were unbranded, calling for mandated producer reporting. The top five brands globally were The Coca-Cola Company (11%), PepsiCo (5%), Nestlé (3%), Danone (3%), and Altria (2%), accounting for 24% of the total branded count, and 56 companies accounted for more than 50%. There was a clear and strong log-log linear relationship production (%) = pollution (%) between companies’ annual production of plastic and their branded plastic pollution, with food and beverage companies being disproportionately large polluters. Phasing out single-use and short-lived plastic products by the largest polluters would greatly reduce global plastic pollution.

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“…Thanks to Coca-Cola's large global fan base, with revenues of US$33 billion in 2020 and sales of 1.6 billion bottles per day worldwide, it pollutes plastic bottles in large quantities. Plastic bottles have an impact because very much, whether found on beaches, rivers or other places such as parks, Coca-Cola plastic bottles are widely found (Stanton et al, 2022). Coca-Cola has become the world's largest plastic polluter while promoting its position as a sustainable and environmentally friendly company.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Literature Study: The Role Of Accountants In Reporting Environmental, Social, And Governance Information

Ramadhan

Resca

Saputra

et al. 2023

IJSSR

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The purpose of this study is to get an overview of the role of accountants in terms of existing literature in relation to information related to Environmental Social Governance (ESG). In addition to the role of accountants, the role of the audit committee is also needed as an independent party in order to minimize the opportunities for accountants and management to commit fraud. Methods: The research method in this article is qualitative research with a literature review approach obtained from articles and journals from pre-existing research. Literature review is a form of literature research by reading various types of books, journals, and the like related to the topic of discussion in research to produce a scientific paper, such as research articles, dissertations, theses, and others. Results: Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) information disclosure practices are one of the good strategies to implement for companies, because disclosure of this information is needed to shape a company's image. In order to care and increase awareness of the social environment and surrounding governance. This makes Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) a tool for companies to gain legitimacy from the community and stakeholders, where it will cause a positive response in the community by giving confidence in the use of company products, and also trust when investing in the company.

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Planet Patrolling: A citizen science brand audit of anthropogenic litter in the context of national legislation and international policy

Cited by 11 publications

References 43 publications

Plastics and the Environment

Plastics and the Environment

Global producer responsibility for plastic pollution

Literature Study: The Role Of Accountants In Reporting Environmental, Social, And Governance Information

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