Planetary-Scale Geospatial Open Platform Based on the Unity3D Environment

Lee, Ahyun; Chang, Yoon-Seop; Jang, In‐Sung

doi:10.3390/s20205967

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It is assumed that the longitude, latitude, and altitude can be estimated using the position of the 2D image pixels in the videos because cameras are calibrated. The proposed platform is not limited to a specific region or country; it uses a sphere-based coordinate system axis [19] and can therefore be used anywhere worldwide. Figure 9 shows the coordinate system used in the proposed platform.…”

Section: Objectificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unity3D is also supported across more than 25 platforms and development environments based on virtual or mixed reality equipment. We developed a UDT platform using a VWorld-based geospatial engine library [19]. The UDT platform implemented provides planetary-scale geospatial rendering.…”

Section: Visualizing the Urban Digital Twin Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…VWorld provides the most precise 3D city model in the Republic of Korea [17]; unlike Google Earth or Cesium, it provides individual 3D building and facility models at a high resolution, and enables more precise city planning and simulation [18]. Having data on individual buildings or facilities enables the construction of networks and improves radio wave efficiency and fine dust simulation [19]. However, it is difficult to judge whether a city has been digitized when only 3D topography, buildings, and facilities are part of it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Geospatial Platform to Manage Large-Scale Individual Mobility for an Urban Digital Twin Platform

Lee

Kim

et al. 2022

Remote Sensing

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Urban digital twin (UDT) technology can be used to digitize physical urban spaces. Previous UDT or smart city research reconstructed the three-dimensional topography of urban spaces, buildings, and facilities. They collected various multimodal sensor data from cities and monitored conditions such as temperature, humidity, fine dust, and real-time road traffic. However, these studies lacked ways to manage individual mobility data, such as those of the vehicles and pedestrians, which constitute major components of a city. Here, we propose a geospatial platform based on the universal game engine Unity3D, which manages large-scale individual mobility data for a UDT platform. The proposed platform stores and manages individual vehicles or pedestrians using information from public closed-circuit television. It also allows the generation of long-term route information for a unique vehicle based on its license plate. We also propose methods to anonymize license plates, to ensure the security of individuals, and to compress individual mobility data. Unique UDT models with individual mobility functionalities can be built and visualized using our proposed geospatial platform.

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Section: Objectificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Visualizing the Urban Digital Twin Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Geospatial Platform to Manage Large-Scale Individual Mobility for an Urban Digital Twin Platform

Lee

Kim

et al. 2022

Remote Sensing

Self Cite

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“…They can provide far better realistic visualizations and pave the ideal foundation for photo-realistic, immersive simulations of the real world. (Lee et al, 2020) proposed a planetary-scale geospatial open platform developed in Unity3D. Their results provided a geospatial data visualization to the user, which spanned over 30 TB and 71.5 billion tiles.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viability Testing of Game Engine Usage for Visualization of 3d Geospatial Data With Ogc Standards

Würstle

Padsala

Santhanavanich

et al. 2022

ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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Abstract. Urban digital twins have become an essential factor for cities and communities to visualize, simulate and analyze data. The conventional geospatial standards work great with online platforms such as CesiumJS or ArcGIS API for JavaScript. However, their usage in different platforms such as game engines has not been well established yet. Game engines provide an interesting application case because they offer a different approach to visualizing large city models and provide a high graphical fidelity.This paper aims to answer how the existing standards, such as the API standards GeoVolumes and SensorThings, as well as the 3D model standards 3D Tiles and Esri Indexed 3D Scene Layer (I3S), can interact with game engines. For this purpose, three use-cases were selected and have been used to build applications. These focus on using sensor data in AR and different city development scenarios in a digital environment.This study shows that different geospatial standard formats such as 3D Tiles, I3S, and GL Transmission Format (glTF) can be used in game engines, either directly or over a GeoVolumes Server. Their implementation makes it possible to use the advantages of game engines with real-world datasets.

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“…• Improving GIS map services: Compared with the current file list and table data service, a GIS map service could provide a more intuitive and interactive data interface, which would improve the efficiency and convenience of data assessment and acquisition. In the future, we will develop a Mars GIS map service and improve the two/three-dimensional visualization data services for Moon and Mars maps based on WebGL (Lian et al 2017;Lee et al 2020). Spatiotemporal data could be integrated into various products, such as the footprints of remote sensing data, the trajectory data for rovers, and the spatial extent and temporal range information for scientific payloads; this approach could optimize the GIS map service.…”

Section: Promote the User-oriented Data Service Capabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

China’s Lunar and Planetary Data System: Preserve and Present Reliable Chang’e Project and Tianwen-1 Scientific Data Sets

Zhang

Zeng

et al. 2021

Space Sci Rev

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Data infrastructure systems such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Planetary Data System (PDS), European Space Agency (ESA) Planetary Data Archive (PSA)and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Data Archive and Transmission System (DARTS) archive large amounts of scientific data obtained through dozens of planetary exploration missions and have made great contributions to studies of lunar and planetary science. Since China started lunar exploration activities in 2007, the Ground Research and Application System (GRAS), one of the five systems developed as part of China’s Lunar Exploration Program (CLEP) and the Planetary Exploration of China (PEC), has gradually established China’s Lunar and Planetary Data System (CLPDS), which involves the archiving, management and long-term preservation of scientific data from China’s lunar and planetary missions; additionally, data are released according to the policies established by the China National Space Administration (CNSA). The scientific data archived by the CLPDS are among the most important achievements of the CLEP and PEC and provide a resource for the international planetary science community. The system plays a key and important role in helping scientists obtain fundamental and original research results, advancing studies of lunar and planetary science in China, and improving China’s international influence in the field of lunar and planetary exploration. This paper, starting from CLEP and PEC mission planning, explains the sources, classification, format and content of the lunar and Mars exploration data archived in the CLPDS. Additionally, the system framework and core functions of the system, such as data archiving, management and release, are described. The system can be used by the international planetary science community to comprehensively understand the data obtained in the CLEP and PEC, help scientists easily access and better use the available data resources, and contribute to fundamental studies of international lunar and planetary science. Moreover, since China has not yet systematically introduced the CLPDS, through this article, international data organizations could learn about this advanced system. Therefore, opportunities for international data cooperation can be created, and the data service capability of the CLPDS can be improved, thus promoting global data sharing and application for all humankind.

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Planetary-Scale Geospatial Open Platform Based on the Unity3D Environment

Cited by 23 publications

References 29 publications

A Geospatial Platform to Manage Large-Scale Individual Mobility for an Urban Digital Twin Platform

A Geospatial Platform to Manage Large-Scale Individual Mobility for an Urban Digital Twin Platform

Viability Testing of Game Engine Usage for Visualization of 3d Geospatial Data With Ogc Standards

China’s Lunar and Planetary Data System: Preserve and Present Reliable Chang’e Project and Tianwen-1 Scientific Data Sets

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