Planned Scheduling for Economic Power Sharing in a CHP-Based Micro-Grid

Abstract

At the planning of combined heat and power (CHP)-based micro-grid, its distributed energy resources (DER) capacity is to be selected and deployed in such a way that it becomes economically self-sufficient to cater all the loads of the system without utility's participation. Economic deployment of DERs is meant to select optimal locations, optimal sizes, and optimal technologies. Optimal locations and sizes, which are independent of CHP-based DERs types, are selected, here, by loss sensitivity index (LSI) and by loss minimization using particle swarm optimization (PSO) method, respectively. In a micro-grid, both fuel costs and NO x emissions are, mainly, dependent on types of DERs used. So the main focus of the present paper is to incorporate originality in ideas to evaluate how different optimal output sets of DER-mix, operating within their respective capacity limits, could share an electrical tracking demand, economically, among micro-turbines and diesel generators of various sizes, satisfying different heat demands, on the basis of multi-objective optimization compromising between fuel cost and emission in a 4-DER 14-bus radial micro-grid. Optimization is done using differential evolution (DE) technique under real power demand equality constraint, heat balance inequality constraint, and DER capacity limits constraint. DE results are compared with PSO.Index Terms-Diesel generator, differential evolution, economic emission load dispatch, loss sensitivity index, micro-turbine, particle swarm optimization. NOMENCLATURE DERDistributed energy resources. CHPCombined heat and power.Mt Micro-turbine. DgDiesel generator. DGDistributed generator/generation. DE Differential evolution.System electric loss (kW).

Fuel Cost Optimization of an Islanded Microgrid Considering Environmental Impact

“…Reference [2] has done sizing and the optimal allocation of distributed generation and has also performed economic dispatch calculations considering emissions of each unit. In [3], optimization of fuel cost of an interconnected microgrid by performing a sensitivity analysis on the pricing structure of energy transfer from the main grid has been done.…”

System Modeling and Multi-objective Optimization of Micro-grid Using Bender's Decomposition Algorithm

“…The constants values of DGs and MT are used in the model are shown in Table 2. [11], [12] and emission constants are tabulated in Table 3 [13]. Comparison of results of proposed benders algorithm for defined MG operation problem is tabulated in Table IV.…”

A Novel Optimal Control Method for Islanded Microgrids Based on Droop Control Using the ICA-GA Algorithm

“…The research of [12] looked at power dispatching among DGs using an evolutionary algorithm. To reduce the fuel cost of islanded MGs, different techniques are proposed [12,13].…”

“…To reduce the fuel cost of islanded MGs, different techniques are proposed [12,13]. The authors in [14], used the Harmony Search-Genetic Algorithm (HS-GA) for optimal operation of autonomous MG, but this paper considered only operation, not optimal location.…”