Planning marine protected areas under the CCAMLR regime – The case of the Weddell Sea (Antarctica)

Teschke, Katharina; Brtnik, Patricia; Hain, Stefan; Herata, Heike; Liebschner, Alexander; Pehlke, Hendrik; Brey, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104370

Cited by 33 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Subsequent research expeditions to the southern Weddell Sea are required to delineate the complete spatial extent of the N. ionah breeding colony, to assess whether the mWDW or high surface productivity play the more significant role in determining the most appropriate site for N. ionah nesting, and to better understand the local and potentially regional significance of this icefish nesting ''metropole'' for the species, for surrounding ecosystems and other fauna. We believe our discovery provides support for endeavors to protect the Weddell Sea from anthropogenic impacts by establishing a regional marine protected area under the Southern Ocean under the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) 43 umbrella.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

A vast icefish breeding colony discovered in the Antarctic

et al. 2022

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

A vast icefish breeding colony discovered in the Antarctic

et al. 2022

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“…Other studies indicate that meltdowns of ice shelves and glaciers south of the Weddel Sea were recorded less frequently than in the rest of Antarctica and the annual average calving mass was negligible in the study site for 2005 to 2019 as Ronne-Filchner ice shelf (Qi et al 2021). Some authors suggest that due to ice cover and ocean currents, the Weddell Sea is expected to be one of the last regions of the Southern Ocean where the consequences of climate change will manifest, serving as refuge for species dependent on sea ice (Olivier et al 2005, Teschke et al 2021. For this reason, the seabird community could present a delay in manifesting an impact, without showing the direct relationships that we expected to find when comparing two studies spaced by 65 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…To conduct studies south of the Weddel sea is associated with logistical difficulties because of climatic variability and the sea ice dynamics. These factors are the reasons for many gaps in the knowledge about fauna of top predators (Teschke et al 2021). In 1955, when Argentina established its first scientific station on the Filchner Ice Shelf (Belgrano Station, 77° 47′ S, 38° 15′ W), Novatti (1962) carried out observations of pelagic birds in the Weddell Sea aboard the San Martin icebreaker.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The same pathway to the Weddell Sea birdlife, after 65 years: similarities in the species composition, richness and abundances

2022

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As part of a multi-year study of top predators in Antarctica, we conducted a seabird shipbased survey on board Almirante Irizar icebreaker in the Weddell Sea to the Filchner Ice Shelf in the austral summer 2020. We carried out 10-minute counts along 1843 km during 125 hours of observation. We analyzed the species distributions and the relationships with the ice cover. We registered 15 species of which four represented more than 85% of the total abundance: Antarctic petrel Thalassoica antarctica (43.9%), snow petrel Pagodroma nivea (16.3%), Arctic tern Sterna paradisaea (15.2%) and emperor penguin Aptenodytes forsteri (10.1%). Species distribution and its relationship with ice cover were analyzed statistically. The ice cover concentration was estimated by using satellite images. We compared our results with the first ship-based bird survey conducted up to the Filchner Ice Shelf in the austral summer 1955/56 to analyze possible changes in the bird community over time. Out of 13 recorded species in the 1955/56 cruise, 11 were present in this study with similar abundance proportions. In both cruises, the bird community consisted of a group of non-numerous species associated with icefree waters and another group of very numerous species associated with high concentrations on ice cover. The similarities between the two cruises, spaced 65 years apart, suggest a temporal persistence of the bird community of the central and the southern Weddell Sea that could be explained by the dynamics of the ice cover and the presence of reproductive colonies within the study site. The current environmental warming is alarming in this bird community because more than 85% of all its individuals belong to four species strongly dependent on ice cover.

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“…a regional scale and a local scale). The WSMPA planning area served as the study site at the regional scale as it includes areas of scientific and commercial interest, particularly with regards to fishing and tourism (Deininger et al 2016, Teschke et al 2021). It is located between the Antarctic Peninsula and 20°E (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We demonstrate this tool by calculating the intra-annual variability of RA in the wider Weddell Sea region. Plans exist to establish a marine protected area (MPA) under the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) in that region (Teschke et al 2021). During past CCAMLR discussions, including during the Weddell Sea MPA (WSMPA) planning process, it became clear that it would be extremely helpful to have a relatively simple tool for assessing RA in order to support vessel operations in the Southern Ocean (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A tool to evaluate accessibility due to sea-ice cover: a case study of the Weddell Sea, Antarctica

et al. 2022

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Sea ice is the major constraint on human activities in the Southern Ocean. Depending on a vessel's ice class, human mobility may be restricted or even prevented altogether by sea-ice conditions. This may imply limited access to research or monitoring stations, preferred fishing grounds or attractive tourist sites. Here, we introduce a statistical model that evaluates the sea-ice cover with two measures: 1) accessibility (i.e. the probability that a given area is navigable by vessels at a given time) and 2) repeated accessibility (i.e. the probability that a given area is navigable by vessels at a given time and again at least once within a defined timespan). We use daily sea-ice concentration data from 2002 to 2020 to demonstrate this tool and its functioning regarding the spatiotemporal variability of sea-ice cover in the wider Weddell Sea region. These findings reflect known characteristics of sea-ice distribution and dynamics in the Weddell Sea, confirming the functionality of our simple tool for determining repeated accessibility of certain areas. Such a tool may facilitate the planning of research and monitoring activities in the Southern Ocean, as well as in Arctic seas.

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Planning marine protected areas under the CCAMLR regime – The case of the Weddell Sea (Antarctica)

Cited by 33 publications

References 14 publications

A vast icefish breeding colony discovered in the Antarctic

A vast icefish breeding colony discovered in the Antarctic

The same pathway to the Weddell Sea birdlife, after 65 years: similarities in the species composition, richness and abundances

A tool to evaluate accessibility due to sea-ice cover: a case study of the Weddell Sea, Antarctica

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