2005
DOI: 10.1177/0096144205279201
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Planning Urbanization and Urban Growth in the Socialist Period

Abstract: This article argues that socialist cities were fundamentally shaped by both “modern” and “traditional” concepts of urbanism, showing major shifts throughout time and remarkable differences from one city to another. After an examination of the planners’ debates in the Soviet Union during the 1930s, the three East German cities of Eisenhuttenstadt, Schwedt, and Berlin Marzahn are analyzed to show common features as well as the different pathways of urban development. Special attention is given to the relationshi… Show more

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Cited by 22 publications
(15 citation statements)
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“…Thus, the ideologically grounded extreme focus on industrialisation which characterized the Stalin era in the USSR and the satellite states' Stalin-inspired regimes of the early post-Second World War period exacerbated the housing shortage; at the same time, these regimes' appreciation of grandeuristic forms of architectural expression had a highly visible impact on the cityscapes of the larger cities (Bater, 1980;French, 1995). Later on, and for the remainder of the socialist period, cheap homogeneous prefabricated housing arranged in self-contained neighbourhood units, mikrorayony , became the rule (French and Hamilton, 1979;Bater, 1980;Pallot and Shaw, 1981;Andrusz, 1984;French, 1995;Bernhardt, 2005;Borén, 2005), while the housing shortage inherited from the previous period was not eradicated due to the continued pattern of investment in industry; that is, the productive activities in Soviet talk, and disinvestment in housing and institutions supplying basic social needs -the non-productive functions (Szyma ~ ska and Matczak, 2002).…”
Section: Implications Of the Ideological Leadership Of The Partymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, the ideologically grounded extreme focus on industrialisation which characterized the Stalin era in the USSR and the satellite states' Stalin-inspired regimes of the early post-Second World War period exacerbated the housing shortage; at the same time, these regimes' appreciation of grandeuristic forms of architectural expression had a highly visible impact on the cityscapes of the larger cities (Bater, 1980;French, 1995). Later on, and for the remainder of the socialist period, cheap homogeneous prefabricated housing arranged in self-contained neighbourhood units, mikrorayony , became the rule (French and Hamilton, 1979;Bater, 1980;Pallot and Shaw, 1981;Andrusz, 1984;French, 1995;Bernhardt, 2005;Borén, 2005), while the housing shortage inherited from the previous period was not eradicated due to the continued pattern of investment in industry; that is, the productive activities in Soviet talk, and disinvestment in housing and institutions supplying basic social needs -the non-productive functions (Szyma ~ ska and Matczak, 2002).…”
Section: Implications Of the Ideological Leadership Of The Partymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hľadať jeden jediný "ideál" mesta charakteristický pre socialistické plánovanie a pre plánovanie miest po páde režimu obecne je nezmyselné. Jednak kvôli šírke i nejednoznačnosti označení "socialistické" a "postsocialistické" mesto zahŕňajúcich veľké množstvo rozmanitých miest, jednak kvôli dĺžke období, ktoré predstavujú éra socializmu a dvadsať rokov po ňom a v priebehu ktorých samotné plánovanie miest a jeho priority prechádzali zmenami a stávali sa predmetom sporov (pozri Musil 2001;Matlovič 2004;Bernhardt 2005;Ladd 2001;Popa 2007;Enyedi 1996: 112; viac k téme tiež Ferenčuhová 2009). Podľa Häussermanna (1996: 214) jednoznačná predstava o tom, aké by malo byť socialistické mesto, dokonca obvykle vôbec neexistovala.…”
Section: Ideálne Mesto V (Post)socialistickom Urbánnom Plánovaníunclassified
“…Podľa textu Brucea O'Neilla v prípade plánov na prestavbu centra Bukurešti zase "racionálne plánovanie" znamenalo skôr dôraz na zvyšovanie efektivity (v dostupnosti služieb a infraštruktúry, využití pôdy) a zabezpečovanie "pokroku" a "modernizácie" (O'Neill 2009: 102). Urbanizácia poľnohospodárskych oblastí, zvyšovanie hustoty osídlenia v mestách a premena roľníkov v robotníkov, ktoré túto "modernizáciu" predstavovali, sa stali prioritami rozvoja vo viacerých krajinách (pozri O'Neill 2009, Bernhardt 2005, Nutu 2008, Matlovič 2004, Enyedi 1996. Nadšenie pre projekt modernizácie a pokroku pritom zdieľali politické autority s expertmi, ktorí sa angažovali v plánovaní (Popa 2007: 168).…”
Section: Ideálne Mestá V Plánovaní V Období Socializmuunclassified
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