Planning with urban climate in different climatic zones

Abstract

Resumen: Se discuten primero los principales cambios climáticos inducidospor los asentamientos, con el fin de establecer los principales objetivosde este trabajo: mostrar la importancia de la información climáticapara la planificación urbana y hacer hincapié en que las medidas adecuadas“para planificar y construir con el clima” varían de acuerdo conel clima del área donde está localizada la ciudad. Los balances de radiacióny energía urbanos, la isla de calor, las condiciones del viento, lacontaminación del aire y el confort térmico se tratan en detalle. Tambiénson revisados los estudios de las últimas décadas que consideran losbeneficios económicos y para la salud de la utilización de informaciónclimática. La consideración del clima urbano debe formar parte de losprocesos de ordenamiento territorial para lograr una mejor “calidad delclima” en los asentamientos. Se proponen también medidas que puedenreducir los efectos negativos o aprovechar las ventajas de urbanizar unazona basándose en su clima (frío, cálido y húmedo, cálido y árido, contrastesestacionales del clima).

The Maturing Interdisciplinary Relationship between Human Biometeorological Aspects and Local Adaptation Processes: An Encompassing Overview

“…This establishment can be inclusively associated to the scientific disseminations of the 'Climate Change and Environmental Systems Research' (CEG/CliMA) group. A group that has thus far conducted research into numerous topics, including overall bioclimatic conditions within Lisbon [38,39], causalities and intensities of Urban Heat Island (UHI) effects [18,40,41], urban wind patterns [42,43] and potential climatic integration within planning policy [15,44].…”

“…Moreover, when considering the urban climate condition and human wellbeing within public realm, the scientific community has already recognised the growing importance of bottom-up approaches to climatic risk factors that are already presenting aggravations associated to climate change impacts [15][16][17][18][19]. For this reason, and as exemplified by studies undertaken by [12,[20][21][22][23][24] local scales are becoming an arena in which both decision makers and designers are seeking means to address physiological and psychological factors pertaining to human thermal comfort within the public realm in an era of climate change.…”

Morphological Indices as Urban Planning Tools in Northeastern Brazil

“…The authors in [5] demonstrate that the urbanization process affects climate at all scales. Several studies have shown strategies to minimize the impact of growth and of urban density on climate using urban planning as a tool to control land usage and coverage, as well as reduce the impact of the urbanization process [6][7][8]16,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. The relation between the urbanization process and climate is complex.…”

Morphological Indices as Urban Planning Tools in Northeastern Brazil

“…The authors in [5] demonstrate that the urbanization process affects climate at all scales. Several studies have shown strategies to minimize the impact of growth and of urban density on climate using urban planning as a tool to control land usage and coverage, as well as reduce the impact of the urbanization process [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”