Plant Abiotic Stress Proteomics: The Major Factors Determining Alterations in Cellular Proteome

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS: Major environmental and genetic factors determining stress-related protein abundance are discussed.Major aspects of protein biological function including protein isoforms and PTMs, cellular localization and protein interactions are discussed.Functional diversity of protein isoforms and PTMs is discussed.Abiotic stresses reveal profound impacts on plant proteomes including alterations in protein relative abundance, cellular localization, post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications (PTMs), protein interactions with other protein partners, and, finally, protein biological functions. The main aim of the present review is to discuss the major factors determining stress-related protein accumulation and their final biological functions. A dynamics of stress response including stress acclimation to altered ambient conditions and recovery after the stress treatment is discussed. The results of proteomic studies aimed at a comparison of stress response in plant genotypes differing in stress adaptability reveal constitutively enhanced levels of several stress-related proteins (protective proteins, chaperones, ROS scavenging- and detoxification-related enzymes) in the tolerant genotypes with respect to the susceptible ones. Tolerant genotypes can efficiently adjust energy metabolism to enhanced needs during stress acclimation. Stress tolerance vs. stress susceptibility are relative terms which can reflect different stress-coping strategies depending on the given stress treatment. The role of differential protein isoforms and PTMs with respect to their biological functions in different physiological constraints (cellular compartments and interacting partners) is discussed. The importance of protein functional studies following high-throughput proteome analyses is presented in a broader context of plant biology. In summary, the manuscript tries to provide an overview of the major factors which have to be considered when interpreting data from proteomic studies on stress-treated plants.

Physiological and molecular responses of maize (Zea mays L.) plants to drought and rehydration

“…Plant tolerance to water deficit requires the ability to maintain functions under unfavorable water conditions and to recover water status and functions rapidly after rewatering. Recent studies showed that recovery phase is as important as the stress treatment since the efficient recovery affects further plant growth and development (Chen et al 2016, Kosová et al 2018. Significant variations in responses to drought stress and in mechanisms of recovery after rehydration were revealed in varieties with different drought tolerance (Hayano-Kanashiro et al 2009, Cruz de Carvalho et al 2011, Foster et al 2015, Sun et al 2016, Kosová et al 2018.…”

Drought Stress Response in Agricultural Plants: A Case Study of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.)

“…Studies using proteomic methods are therefore essential for revealing, not only the role of proteins in complex mechanisms of drought response in common bean, but also for pointing out possible molecular markers of drought tolerance. These methods not only enable identification of proteins with abundance changed in response to environmental stress, but also the detection of protein complexes and protein localization, as well as of post-translational protein modifications related to a specific stress factor [70][71][72] as reported later in this chapter. As underlined above, this approach has experienced rapid development by the recent publishing of full genome sequences of many plants, among them common bean [50].…”

Monovalent cation/proton antiporters (CPAs) in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis): genome-wide identification, molecular evolutionary and functional description

“…Posttranslational modifications, one of the major factors determining protein biological function [31], can regulate protein activity, localization, and protein-protein interactions, leading to fine-tuning of plant responses to various external stimuli to mitigate potential damage from environmental stress [32]. The results of PTMs prediction of PheCPAs family proteins are shown in Table 2.…”