Plant Biodiversity as a Resource for Natural Products for Insect Pest Management

Assessment of a diketopiperazine, cyclo(Trp-Phe) from Streptomyces griseoplanus SAI-25 against cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

“…In this study, we used two compounds, azadirachtin and phorbol ester, as standards for comparative analysis of isolated bioactive compound, cyclo(Trp-Phe). Azadirachtin is a known biopesticide from a neem tree (Koul 2012). Phorbol ester is one of the major toxic components of Jatropha, and it has broad-spectrum bioactivity on various insects because of its antifeedant, oviposition deterrent, and ovicidal properties.…”

“…Considerable research has focused on biopesticides by exploring plant extracts/secondary metabolites; however, this has had limited success (Koul 2012). The diverse and ubiquitous nature of microbes creates an almost infinite pool for novel metabolites with medicinal, agricultural, and industrial importance.…”

Disturbance of the Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Haemolymph and Fat Bodies of The Desert Locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) by Margosan-O® (0.3% Azadirachtin)

“…However, the plant compounds have been the subject of the thorough investigation for the past 40 years in an effort to discover new sources of botanical insecticides and antifeedants (Sabjan et al, 2017). Therefore, botanical insecticides have been the subject of several recent books and reviews (Hedin et al, 1997;Koul and Dhaliwal, 2001;Isman, 2006;Koul and Walia, 2009;Koul, 2005Koul, , 2008Koul, , 2012Koul, , 2016) and many other publications. According to Isman and Grieneisen (2014), > 20,000 papers on botanical insecticides were published from 1980 to 2012, indicating a major growth in the number of papers published annually The neem, Azadirachta indica, is one among the most well-investigated plants in this context affecting survival, growth, feeding, fecundity, fertility and some physiological and anatomical processes of insects (Mordue et al, 1998;Breuer and De Loof, 2000;Sayah, 2002;Breuer et al, 2003;Huang et al, 2007;Senthil Nathan et al, 2008;Correia et al, 2009).…”

Botanical Extracts of the Brazilian Savannah Affect Feeding and Oviposition of Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

“…There are several plant families with the potential to be used for insect control (Camaroti et al, 2018), such as, Annonaceae (Ribeiro et al, 2018), Sapindaceae (Castillo et al, 2009), Meliaceae (Sapindal et al, 2017) and Rubiaceae (Peres et al, 2017). Highlighted among the substances useful for insect control are those with insecticidal action (Amoabeng et al, 2014), oviposition inhibitors (Torres et al, 2006), growth regulators (Koul, 2012), repellents (Koul, 2008), or those that only distance insects from the plants such as feeding inhibitors (Couto et al, 2016;Koul, 2005Koul, , 2008.…”