Plant Biomass and Productivity of Prairie, Savanna, Oakwood, and Maize Field Ecosystems in Central Minnesota

Ovington, J. D.; Haitkamp, Dale; Lawrence, Donald B.

doi:10.2307/1933180

Cited by 120 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…two complete growing cycles of each species starting in May 1998 and finishing in April 2000. For each sample a 0.25 m 2 area was located randomly in each study plot without resampling (Ovington 1963), and the above-ground organic vegetation harvested. These samples were then taken to the laboratory where the harvested material was sorted into dead organic material, having no visible chlorophyll (necromass) and living material (biomass).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These samples were then taken to the laboratory where the harvested material was sorted into dead organic material, having no visible chlorophyll (necromass) and living material (biomass). After separation, the samples were dried at 80 ºC to constant weight (Ovington 1963;Gaona et al1996). There was no replication of the two treatment plots, so it is impossible go ascribe observed differences to treatments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variation in aboveground biomass and necromass of two invasive species in the Atlantic rainforest, southeast Brazil

et al. 2009

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RESUMO -(Variação da biomassa e necromassa aérea de duas espécies invasoras na Floresta Atlântica, sudeste do Brasil). Este trabalho descreve a variação da biomassa e necromassa aérea, e da produção primária líquida (NAGPP) de duas espécies invasoras Panicum maximum Jacquin (Poaceae) e Pteridium arachnoideum (Kaulf.) Maxon. (Dennstaedtiaceae) em duas áreas da Reserva Biológica de Poço das Antas, no sudeste brasileiro. As duas espécies eram mono-dominantes nestas áreas, ambas localizadas na matriz entre fragmentos florestais. A matéria orgânica foi amostrada mensalmente durante dois anos, separada em biomassa e necromassa e a produção aérea primária líquida (NAGPP) foi calculada. Houve variação intra-sazonal bem marcada, para ambas as espécies; Pa. maximum geralmente apresentou os maiores valores para biomassa, necromassa, massa total e NAGPP (NAGPP, Pa. maximum = 3953 g m -2 ano -1 , Pt. arachnoideum = 2667 g m -2 ano -1 ). A NAGPP não variou entre as duas estações de crescimento para Pa. maximum, porém estas diferenças foram acentuadas para Pt. arachnoideum (2% comparados aos 44% de variação em relação a média). A segunda estação de crescimento foi mais seca e Pa. maximum produziu maior quantidade de necromassa do que na primeira estação de crescimento; Pteridium mostrou pouca variação sazonal de biomassa, mas uma maior produtividade na segunda estação de crescimento. Pteridium arachnoideum é aparentemente mais sensível ao clima, especialmente em relação à pluviosidade. Palavras-chave: fogo, Panicum maximum, plantas invasoras, Pteridium arachnoideumABSTRACT -(Variation in aboveground biomass and necromass of two invasive species in the Atlantic Rain Forest, Southeast Brazil). This paper describes the variation of the above-ground biomass, necromass, and net above-ground primary production (NAGPP) of two weed species, Panicum maximum Jacquin (Poaceae) and Pteridium arachnoideum (Kaulf.) Maxon. (Dennstaedtiaceae), at two sites in the Poço das Antas Biological Reserve, southeast Brazil. Both species form mono-dominant stands in the matrix surrounding forest fragments. The organic matter was sampled monthly from each site, separated into biomass and necromass, and net above-ground primary production (NAGPP) was calculated. There was marked intra-seasonal fluctuation for both species; Pa. maximum generally had the largest values for necromass, total mass and NAGPP (NAGPP, Pa. maximum = 3953 g.m -2 .y -1 , Pt. arachnoideum = 2667 g.m -2 .y -1 ). NAGPP did not vary between the two growth periods for Pa. maximum, but marked differences were found for Pt. arachnoideum (2% compared to 44% variation around the mean). The second growth year was drier and Pa. maximum produced much greater necromass in that year; Pt. arachnoideum showed little variation in biomass but much greater productivity in the drier second season. Pteridium arachnoideum appears to be more sensitive to climate, and especially rainfall.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in aboveground biomass and necromass of two invasive species in the Atlantic rainforest, southeast Brazil

et al. 2009

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“…The pro ducers are not only important aboveground but also belowground. It -£C,r('I has been reported for various grassland ecosystems that from 800/0 to 95% of the vegetation occurs underground (Nilsson 1970;Hanson and Stoddart 1940;and Ovington, Heitcamp and Lawrence 1963). Because of the proportion and role of roots in a grassland ecosystem it seems necessary to study them in more detail.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Dynamics of a Shortgrass Ecosystem

Bartos¹,

Sims²

1974

Journal of Range Management

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OF DISSERTATION ROOT DYNAMICS OF A SHOR TGRASS ECOSYSTEMSeasonal dynamics of roots of a shortgrass system were deter mined by samples collected at two week intervals for two growing seasons (1969)(1970) with a fall and winter sampling period in between.Soil cores were taken to a depth of either 10 cm or 80 cm; the deep cores were used to determine the entire profile distributions of roots.The cores were washed free of soil particles and then the root mass was dried, weighed, ashed and reweighed. All values were expressed on an ash-free basis.Sixty percent of the root weight was in the 0-10 cm segment and 75% was found in the upper 20 cm of the soil profile. The upper 10 em increment had significant variations between dates, but the lower levels remained quite constant.Four grazing treatments (none, light, moderate, heavy) were used to determine if grazing had an effect on the root mas s. No significant differences were found among the four treatments.The usual concept of substrate storage in roots and subsequent

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“…VOD describes the transparency of vegetation in the microwave domain and is mostly sensitive to vegetation water content (Kirdiashev et al, 1979). Owe et al (2001) developed the Land Parameter Retrieval Model (LPRM) to derive VOD from low-frequency passive microwave observations. This model was further improved by Meesters et al (2005) and has been applied to a series of passive microwave sensors (Owe et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global changes in dryland vegetation dynamics (1988–2008) assessed by satellite remote sensing: comparing a new passive microwave vegetation density record with reflective greenness data

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Drylands, covering nearly 30 % of the global land surface, are characterized by high climate variability and sensitivity to land management. Here, two satellite-observed vegetation products were used to study the long-term vegetation changes of global drylands: the widely used reflective-based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the recently developed passive-microwavebased Vegetation Optical Depth (VOD). The NDVI is sensitive to the chlorophyll concentrations in the canopy and the canopy cover fraction, while the VOD is sensitive to vegetation water content of both leafy and woody components. Therefore it can be expected that using both products helps to better characterize vegetation dynamics, particularly over regions with mixed herbaceous and woody vegetation. Linear regression analysis was performed between antecedent precipitation and observed NDVI and VOD independently to distinguish the contribution of climatic and non-climatic drivers in vegetation variations. Where possible, the contributions of fire, grazing, agriculture and CO 2 level to vegetation trends were assessed. The results suggest that NDVI is more sensitive to fluctuations in herbaceous vegetation, which primarily uses shallow soil water, whereas VOD is more sensitive to woody vegetation, which additionally can exploit deeper water stores. Globally, evidence is found for woody encroachment over drylands. In the arid drylands, woody encroachment appears to be at the expense of herbaceous vegetation and a global driver is interpreted. Trends in semi-arid drylands vary widely between regions, suggesting that local rather than global drivers caused most of the vegetation response. In savannas, besides precipitation, fire regime plays an important role in shaping trends. Our results demonstrate that NDVI and VOD provide complementary information and allow new insights into dryland vegetation dynamics.

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Plant Biomass and Productivity of Prairie, Savanna, Oakwood, and Maize Field Ecosystems in Central Minnesota

Cited by 120 publications

References 4 publications

Variation in aboveground biomass and necromass of two invasive species in the Atlantic rainforest, southeast Brazil

Variation in aboveground biomass and necromass of two invasive species in the Atlantic rainforest, southeast Brazil

Root Dynamics of a Shortgrass Ecosystem

Global changes in dryland vegetation dynamics (1988–2008) assessed by satellite remote sensing: comparing a new passive microwave vegetation density record with reflective greenness data

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