Plant breeding is needed to meet agroecological requirements: Legume crops as a case study

Rubiales, Diego

doi:10.1177/00307270231195641

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…Thus, by not growing legumes locally, we continue to lose the ecosystem services they provide [8]. The solution can only be to develop cropping packages that make the crops profitable to farmers by adjusting cultivation techniques and developing adapted varieties [5,[9][10][11].…”

Section: The Key Role Of Legumes In Cropping Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of legumes, progress in broomrape resistance breeding has been slow, as they are rather minor crops in which relatively little has been invested in the last half century [5,9,100]. Most studies on broomrape resistance in legumes have concluded that there is low heritability and that inheritance is complex, highly influenced by the environment.…”

Section: Genetic Basis Of Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Managing Root Parasitic Weeds to Facilitate Legume Reintroduction into Mediterranean Rain-Fed Farming Systems

Rubiales

2023

Soil Systems

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Grain and forage legumes are important sources of food and feed, key for sustainable agriculture given the environmental services they provide. However, their cultivation is hampered in the Mediterranean Basin and Near East by the widespread occurrence of the root parasitic weed crenate broomrape (Orobanche crenata). Other broomrape species such as O. minor, O. foetida, and Phelipanche aegyptica are also of local importance. As for other parasitic weeds, a number of management strategies have been proposed, but considering that temperate legumes in the area are low-input crops, these strategies are largely uneconomical or hard to achieve, leaving the use of resistant cultivars as the most desirable option. Breeding for broomrape resistance is not an easy task, but significant progress has been achieved by classical breeding and selection and will profit from recent developments in phenomics and genomics. Here, achievements and prospects in broomrape management and resistance breeding are presented and critically discussed.

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Section: The Key Role Of Legumes In Cropping Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genetic Basis Of Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Root Parasitic Weeds to Facilitate Legume Reintroduction into Mediterranean Rain-Fed Farming Systems

Rubiales

2023

Soil Systems

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Ecological redesign of crop ecosystems for reliable crop protection. A review

Bommarco

2024

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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To attain food security, we must minimize crop losses caused by weed growth, animal herbivores, and pathogens (or “pests”). Today, crop production depends heavily on the use of chemical pesticides (or “pesticides”) to protect the crops. However, pesticides are phased out as they lose efficiency due to pest resistance, and few new pesticides are appearing on the market. In addition, policies and national action programs are implemented with the aim of reducing pesticide risks. We must redesign our cropping systems to successfully protect our crops against pests using fewer or no pesticides. In this review, I focus on the principles for redesigning the crop ecosystem. Ecological redesign aims to enhance ecological functions in order to regulate pest populations and diminish crop losses. Exploring ecology and ecosystems plays an important role in this transition. Guiding principles for redesigning the cropping system can be drawn from understanding its ecology. Ecosystem and community ecologists have identified four principal ecological characteristics that enhance the biotic regulation of ecological processes across ecosystems: (i) advanced ecosystem succession through introducing and conserving perennial crops and landscape habitats; (ii) reduced disturbance frequency and intensity; (iii) an increase in both managed and wild functional biological diversity, above and below ground; and (iv) matched spatial extent of land use (e.g., crop field size) with that of ecological processes (e.g., dispersal capacity of predators). I review the practices that link these ecosystem characteristics to crop protection in grain commodity cropping in both the crop field and the agricultural landscape. The review brings forth how basic understandings drawn from ecosystem and community ecology can guide agricultural research in the redesign of cropping systems, ensuring that technologies, breeding, innovation, and policy are adapted to and support the reshaped crop ecosystem.

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Antioxidant System Activity in Roots and Shoots of Bean Cultivars in Response to Seed Treatment with Auxin as a Potential Model of Interaction with Endophytic Bacteria

Garipova,

Matyunina,

Chistoedova

et al. 2024

Plants

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Plant growth-promoting endophytic bacteria (PGPEB), producing auxins, are offered for a promising eco-friendly crop production. Precise bacterial strain selection is essential to ensure consistent and effective plant growth and resilience. Creating a model for the optimal dose-dependent interactions between PGPEB and hosts is necessary for understanding the mechanisms of high-precision selection of the inoculant composition to enhance bacterial preparations’ efficacy. This study investigated the impact of pre-sowing treatment with exogenous auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at various concentrations (0, 10, 1, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001, 0.0001, 0.00001 mg L−1) on the growth and antioxidant responses of three cultivars (cvs) of Phaseolus vulgaris L. (bean): Ufimskaya, Elsa, and Zolotistaya. The findings showed dose-dependent and cultivar-specific responses of 7-day-old bean seedlings to exogenous IAA. Ufimskaya cv exhibited significant increases in shoot, main root, and total root lengths at 0.001 mg L−1 IAA, while higher and lower concentrations inhibited growth. The reduced catalase (CAT) activity in roots and the elevated CAT activity in shoots correlated with shoot length and total root length of Ufimskaya cv. Importantly, the growth parameters exhibited weak or no correlations with malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 content in roots and shoots, which is a peculiarity of the Ufimskaya cv response to exogenic IAA in contrast to the shown earlier response to inoculation with endophytes. The growth of only the main root of Elsa cv peaked at 0.1 mg L−1 IAA, and there were neutral or inhibitory effects with other concentrations. The positive correlation between CAT activity in shoots and the main root length and total root length as well as positive correlation between MDA content in roots and the total root length of Elsa cultivar were revealed. The shoot length and total root length of Zolotistaya cv were neutral or negatively responded to all concentration IAA, but the number of roots increased by 2–4 times. For Zolotistaya cv, positive correlations were observed between CAT activity in roots and the length of the main root and the total root length. Overall, these cultivar-specific antioxidant responses to exogenous IAA may help create models for optimal dose-dependent interactions between auxin-producing PGPEB and plants, enhancing the effectiveness of microbial preparations for consistent bean growth promotion.

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Plant breeding is needed to meet agroecological requirements: Legume crops as a case study

Cited by 3 publications

References 130 publications

Managing Root Parasitic Weeds to Facilitate Legume Reintroduction into Mediterranean Rain-Fed Farming Systems

Managing Root Parasitic Weeds to Facilitate Legume Reintroduction into Mediterranean Rain-Fed Farming Systems

Ecological redesign of crop ecosystems for reliable crop protection. A review

Antioxidant System Activity in Roots and Shoots of Bean Cultivars in Response to Seed Treatment with Auxin as a Potential Model of Interaction with Endophytic Bacteria

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