Plant Characters as Indices in Relation to the Ability of Corn Strains to Withstand Lodging<sup>1</sup>

Wilson, H. K.

doi:10.2134/agronj1930.00021962002200050009x

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The non-significant difference among treatments obtained in this experiment could be attributed to the basal N and K fertilizers applied to all plots that might have increased the overall resistance of plants to lodging; because, nitrogen improves root growth and anchorage capacity (Wilson 1930), while potassium strengthens the stems and increases resistance for breakage (Brady and Weil 2002). It is, however, worthy enough to note that even though not significant, plants in the treatment with no added fertilizer lodged more as compared to treatments with different rates of P fertilizer and it was apparent that lodging percentage decreased as P-rate was increased.…”

Section: Lodging Percentagementioning

confidence: 92%

Response and economic feasibility of maize (Zea mays L.) to P fertilization in acidic Alfisols of North-western Ethiopia

Selassie

2016

Environ Syst Res

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Background: Phosphorus is believed to be the second most limiting nutrient for crop growth and development in acidic soils. It is mainly because the amount of P in the soil is inherently low and part of it is fixed and made unavailable to plant uptake. Therefore, the objective of this research was to study the response of maize to mineral P fertilizer application and evaluate its economic feasibility on acidic Alfisols of North-western Ethiopia. Results:Results of the experiment indicated that phosphorus fertilizer rate had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on plant height, shelling percentage, number of kernel per ear, number of ears per plant, grain yield, dry stubble yield and dry biomass yield. However, it did not have a significant effect on lodging percentage and 1000-grains weight. Increasing the P rate only up to 30 kg P 2 O 5 ha −1 gave a significant grain yield increase over the control. Similarly, the marginal rate of return (MRR) analysis showed that the same rate gave MRR of 67.8 % while others were dominated by the same. Conclusions:From the results of the experiment it was possible to conclude that, in the presence of sufficient amount of N and K fertilizers, maize is responsive only to lower levels of phosphorus fertilizer application. Apparently, the fertilizer application at the rate of 30 kg P 2 O 5 ha −1 gave maximum profit from unit investment. Going beyond this P level did not bring profitable yield increase.

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Section: Lodging Percentagementioning

confidence: 92%

Response and economic feasibility of maize (Zea mays L.) to P fertilization in acidic Alfisols of North-western Ethiopia

Selassie

2016

Environ Syst Res

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“…Важливість добре розвиненої кореневої системи для кукурудзи науковці усвідомили з самого початку сучасної селекції цієї культури [7]. Потужна глибокопроникаюча коренева система -найважливіша умова отримання високого врожаю зерна і зеленої маси кукурудзи.…”

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Root system for maize drought tolerance: anatomical, physiological, molecular genetic aspects

Volkova¹,

Slischuk²

2016

Visn. ukr. tov. genet. sel.

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The review deals with the present state of maize root system research and its role in drought tolerance and productivity. Maize root system idiotype - the optimal architecture of the root system for soil with water deficiency is described. The molecular and genetic aspects of the maize root system traits and drought tolerance are demonstrated. There are the results of studies of genes and loci of maize root system traits associated with providing drought tolerance. It presents an innovative approach, with which estimated roots morphological traits - automatic phenotypic analysis of the digital image of the plants root systems by software. Creating deep-rooted plants is considered to be an important strategy to improve water production and yield stability. Presenting the program Roots Power™, developed by "Euralis Semens" (France), under which the EU set up the first maize hybrid Sensor (FAO 370), with modified characteristics of the root system, which provides significant resistance to drought and lodging, yield stability.Keywords: drought tolerance, root system, maize, genes, quantitative trait loci

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“…In wheat, modern dwarf varieties show reduced investment in root dry matter and root length density, and thus, have a lower root to shoot ratio early in the growing season [19]. In maize, the importance of a good root system has been recognized since the beginning of modern breeding [21]. Despite the significant genetic variations in root characteristics and architecture in maize [22,23], there has been little progress made in using root traits as selection criteria to indirectly improve yield [24].…”

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confidence: 99%

Root growth in response to nitrogen supply in Chinese maize hybrids released between 1973 and 2009

Chen

et al. 2011

Sci. China Life Sci.

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Root growth has a fundamental role in nitrogen (N) use efficiency. Nevertheless, little is known about how modern breeding progress has affected root growth and its responses to N supply. The root and shoot growth of a core set of 11 representative Chinese maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids released between 1973 and 2009 were investigated under high N (4 mmol L(-1), HN) and low N (0.04 mmol L(-1), LN) levels in a solution culture system. Compared with LN, HN treatment decreased root dry weight (RDW), the root: shoot ratio (R/S), and the relative growth rate for root dry weight (RGR(root)), but increased the total root length (TRL) and the total lateral root length (LRL). The total axial root length (ARL) per plant was reduced under HN, mostly in hybrids released before the 1990s. The number of seminal roots (SRN) was largely unaffected by different N levels. More recently released hybrids showed higher relative growth rates in the shoot under both HN and LN. However, the roots only showed increased RGR under HN treatment. Correspondingly, there was a positive linear relationship with the year of hybrid release for TRL, LRL and ARL under HN treatment. Together, these results suggest that while shoot growth of maize has improved, its root growth has only improved under high N conditions over the last 36 years of selective breeding in China. Improving root growth under LN conditions may be necessary to increase the N use efficiency of maize.

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Plant Characters as Indices in Relation to the Ability of Corn Strains to Withstand Lodging¹

Cited by 17 publications

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Response and economic feasibility of maize (Zea mays L.) to P fertilization in acidic Alfisols of North-western Ethiopia

Response and economic feasibility of maize (Zea mays L.) to P fertilization in acidic Alfisols of North-western Ethiopia

Root system for maize drought tolerance: anatomical, physiological, molecular genetic aspects

Root growth in response to nitrogen supply in Chinese maize hybrids released between 1973 and 2009

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Plant Characters as Indices in Relation to the Ability of Corn Strains to Withstand Lodging1

Cited by 17 publications

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Response and economic feasibility of maize (Zea mays L.) to P fertilization in acidic Alfisols of North-western Ethiopia

Response and economic feasibility of maize (Zea mays L.) to P fertilization in acidic Alfisols of North-western Ethiopia

Root system for maize drought tolerance: anatomical, physiological, molecular genetic aspects

Root growth in response to nitrogen supply in Chinese maize hybrids released between 1973 and 2009

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Plant Characters as Indices in Relation to the Ability of Corn Strains to Withstand Lodging¹