Plant choice in the construction of night nests by gorillas in the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda

Rothman, Jessica M.; Pell, Alice N.; Dierenfeld, Ellen S.; McCann, Colleen

doi:10.1002/ajp.20230

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In the early days of gorilla field studies, researchers documented nest site reuse (Jones and Sabater Pi 1971), but because gorilla nests become difficult to age accurately after 4 d (Schaller 1963), where nest site reuse occurs, it can be especially difficult to judge whether a large set of old nests is the result of a large sleeping group or a smaller group reusing the same site. More recent data from Gabon and Uganda demonstrate that nest and nest site reuse occurs at varying frequencies within different populations (Iwata and Ando 2007;Rothman et al 2006). Our results from Kagwene are similar to those reported for Gabon with nest site and individual nest reuse occurring 35.5% and 2.6%, respectively, at Kagwene, vs. 38.6% and 4.1% (Iwata and Ando 2007).…”

Section: Mehlman and Doranmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In Gabon and Central African Republic (CAR) arboreal nesting increases during wet months (Mehlman and Doran 2002;Remis 1993;Tutin et al 1995;Williamson 1988). Herbaceous vegetation is particularly favored for ground nest construction within some populations (Fay 1989;Mehlman and Doran 2002;Rothman et al 2006;Tutin et al 1995), and in the absence of suitable ground nesting material, researchers have recorded higher occurrences of arboreal nests (Brugiere and Sakom 2001;Remis 1993;Tutin et al 1995). Nesting in close proximity to particular fruiting trees influences the selection of nest sites (Bermejo 1999;Fruth and Hohmann 1996) and feeding on seasonal tree fruits may encourage arboreal nesting (Remis 1993).…”

Section: Mehlman and Doranmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Nesting Behavior of Gorilla gorilla diehli at Kagwene Mountain, Cameroon: Implications for Assessing Group Size and Density

Sunderland‐Groves

Ekinde²,

Mboh³

2009

Int J Primatol

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We recorded nesting data at 569 fresh night nest sites, comprising 7032 individual nests, of Cross River gorillas inhabiting the Kagwene Mountain in western Cameroon. The mean night nest group size was 12.4. Overall, 55% of night nests were constructed on the ground and 45% in trees. Significantly more arboreal nests were constructed in the wet season (69%), vs. the dry season (19%). Day nest construction was common at Kagwene (n=260 nest sites, mean nest group size= 5.98) and we encountered significantly more day nest sites in the wet season. Nest site reuse was also common (35%), though not related to season. Our results of nesting habits concur with those from other western gorilla studies, in which rainfall influences arboreal nesting. However, we encountered wet season arboreal nesting, day nest construction, and overall nest site reuse more frequently than reported for other sites. Our observations have considerable implications when estimating group size and density using traditional nest count data. The gorillas at Kagwene inhabit the highest altitudinal range of all Cross River gorilla subpopulations and rainfall is also high; therefore other subpopulations may demonstrate different nesting characteristics. However, one should consider our findings when attempting to estimate Cross River gorilla density at other localities through nest site data.

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Section: Mehlman and Doranmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Mehlman and Doranmentioning

confidence: 97%

Nesting Behavior of Gorilla gorilla diehli at Kagwene Mountain, Cameroon: Implications for Assessing Group Size and Density

Sunderland‐Groves

Ekinde²,

Mboh³

2009

Int J Primatol

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“… a Species was unknown in captive research studies; b Videan, ; c Rothman et al, ; d Yamagiwa, ; e Brugiere & Sakom, ; f Mehlman and Doran, ; g Sunderland‐Groves et al, ; h Lukas et al, ; i Pruetz et al, ; j Koops et al, ; k Carvalho et al, ; l Koops et al, ; m Stewart, ; n Last and Muh, ; o Tagg et al, ; p Furuichi and Hashimoto, ; q Samson and Hunt, ; r Samson and Shumaker, ; s Hernandez‐Aguilar et al, ; t Chancellor et al, ; u Brownlow et al, ; v Rayadin and Saitoh, ; w Iwata and Ando, 2007; x Hernandez‐Aguilar, ; y Ancrenaz et al, ; z De Vere et al, ; aa Haurez et al, 2014; bb Morgan et al, ; cc Funwi‐Gabga and Mateu, 2012; dd Weiche and Anderson, 2006; ee Hakizimana et al, ; ff Ogawa et al, 2007; gg Krief et al, ; hh Samson et al, ; ii Mulavwa et al, ; jj Inogwabini et al, ; kk Serckx et al, ; ll Serckx et al, ; mm Cheyne et al, ; nn Spehar and Rayadin, ; oo Basabose and Yamagiwa, ; pp Willie et al, ; qq Stanford and O'Malley, ; rr Stewart and Pruetz, ; ss Samson, ; tt Stewart et al, ; uu Samson and Hunt, .…”

Section: Great Ape Nesting Behavior and Proximate Functions Of Great mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep and nesting behavior in primates: A review

Fruth

Tagg

Stewart

2018

American J Phys Anthropol

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Sleep is a universal behavior in vertebrate and invertebrate animals, suggesting it originated in the very first life forms. Given the vital function of sleep, sleeping patterns and sleep architecture follow dynamic and adaptive processes reflecting trade-offs to different selective pressures. Here, we review responses in sleep and sleep-related behavior to environmental constraints across primate species, focusing on the role of great ape nest building in hominid evolution. We summarize and synthesize major hypotheses explaining the proximate and ultimate functions of great ape nest building across all species and subspecies; we draw on 46 original studies published between 2000 and 2017. In addition, we integrate the most recent data brought together by researchers from a complementary range of disciplines in the frame of the symposium "Burning the midnight oil" held at the 26th Congress of the International Primatological Society, Chicago, August 2016, as well as some additional contributors, each of which is included as a "stand-alone" article in this "Primate Sleep" symposium set. In doing so, we present crucial factors to be considered in describing scenarios of human sleep evolution: (a) the implications of nest construction for sleep quality and cognition; (b) the tree-to-ground transition in early hominids; (c) the peculiarities of human sleep. We propose bridging disciplines such as neurobiology, endocrinology, medicine, and evolutionary ecology, so that future research may disentangle the major functions of sleep in human and nonhuman primates, namely its role in energy allocation, health, and cognition.

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“…Nest reuse is generally low in great apes. It appears to be more common in orangutans and occurs rarely in mountain gorillas ( Gorilla beringei beringei ) [Fruth & Hohmann, ; Rothman et al, ]. In western and eastern chimpanzees, the average daily nest production rate is 1.1 nests per weaned individual, including the production of day nests [Plumptre & Cox, ; Plumptre & Reynolds, ], whereas in bonobos it is 1.4 nests per individual [Mohneke & Fruth, ].…”

Section: Technical Considerations For Isotope Analysis In Hairmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructing temporal variation in great ape and other primate diets: A methodological framework for isotope analyses in hair

Oelze

2015

American J Primatol

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Stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen in hair provides a versatile tool for reconstructing feeding behavior in elusive primate species. Particularly in great apes, researchers can sample long hair completely non-invasively from nests, allowing the investigation of inter- and intra-individual dietary variation. Given its incremental growth pattern, hair records temporal shifts in diet over long periods and allows one to reconstruct seasonal dietary patterns in species that cannot be directly observed. However, as for other sample materials, there are potential drawbacks related to the properties of hair keratin. Here I review some important facts on the nature of primate hair and also introduce new isotopic data from infant bonobo hair to provide methodological recommendations for future sample collection in the field and sample preparation in the laboratory. While these methodological guidelines focus on great apes which can be sampled strictly non-invasively, I also consider applications to other free-ranging primates. The biochemical composition, growth cycle, isotope turnover rate and isotopic fractionation in hair keratin are particularly relevant for data analysis and interpretation. Also, one can microscopically identify infant hairs and analyze them separately to study nursing and weaning behavior in primates. The goal of this article is to encourage primatologists to analyze the stable isotope ratios of hair to assess primate feeding ecology. Am. J. Primatol. 78:1004-1016, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Plant choice in the construction of night nests by gorillas in the Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda

Cited by 20 publications

References 19 publications

Nesting Behavior of Gorilla gorilla diehli at Kagwene Mountain, Cameroon: Implications for Assessing Group Size and Density

Nesting Behavior of Gorilla gorilla diehli at Kagwene Mountain, Cameroon: Implications for Assessing Group Size and Density

Sleep and nesting behavior in primates: A review

Reconstructing temporal variation in great ape and other primate diets: A methodological framework for isotope analyses in hair

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