Plant community development following restoration treatments on a legacy reclaimed mine site

Bauman, Jenise M.; Cochran, Caleb; Chapman, Julia I.; Gilland, Keith E.

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.06.023

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Such reclamation has led to improved water quality, deterred soil erosion, and buffered soil pH (Davison et al, 1984), as the SMCRA policy intended. However, despite these improvements, soil conditions on reclaimed mine sites remain low in fertility, high in compaction, prone to drought conditions, and subject to invasive herbaceous species (Steiger, 1996;Bauman et al, 2015). Our study only sampled from one SMCRA site and, therefore, our results did not reflect the regional changes in the fungal species pools or illustrate variations of soil chemistry among different sites within the region (Cavender et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Abiotic and Biotic Factors in Coal Mine Soils Influence Ectomycorrhizal Composition and Symbiosis

Bauman¹,

Hiremath²,

Santas³

2019

JASMR

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Surface mining for coal leads to significant changes in ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal community composition by removing host plants and altering the structure and chemistry of the soil environment. These changes impact ECM fungal composition and efficiency of ectomycorrhizal formation. This study investigates the influence of soil abiotic factors on ECM community composition and root colonization. Two different surface coal mine sites in Ohio, U.S.A. were used: an abandoned surface mine and a site reclaimed under the Surface Mining and Control Act of 1977. Within the abandoned site, three unique conditions were delineated: 1) remnant forest edge, 2) restoration plots consisting of Pinus virginiana, and 3) non-vegetated sites. American chestnut (Castanea dentata Marsh. Borkh) were sown as nuts for use as ECM trap trees. The presence and identity of native ECM were determined by fungal DNA sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. Relationships between fungal genera and soil characteristics were determined by a non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination. A multiple regression was used to determine which soil variables influenced ECM root colonization. Results illustrated significant differences between the abandoned mine soils when compared to the reclaimed soils in terms of pH, phosphorus, and potassium. ECM fungal composition was dependent upon the levels of phosphorus, organic matter, and magnesium in the soil. Certain ECM genera were associated with higher phosphorus and pH, while some were linked to nutrient impoverishment. Differences existed between two ectomycorrhizal fungal species within the Scleroderma genera, suggesting that not all species within a genus share environmental preferences. Organic matter was a significant predictor of ECM root colonization. Knowledge of these factors will be helpful for designing suitable mine reforestation strategies such as prediction of ECM fungi, use of ECM inoculum, and soil amendments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Abiotic and Biotic Factors in Coal Mine Soils Influence Ectomycorrhizal Composition and Symbiosis

Bauman¹,

Hiremath²,

Santas³

2019

JASMR

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“…The Flight 93 reforestation planting phases were established over the last six years, which provides an opportunity to observe how the site will progress. Overall, the site is following the expected seral stages of "old-field" succession (Barnes et al, 1998) with some important differences that were detailed by Bauman et. al.…”

Section: Objective 3 Competing Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 81%

Flight 93 National Memorial Reforestation Project: Survival and Growth of Native Woody Plants Established on Reclaimed Mineland

Tyree¹,

Larkin²,

Eggerud³

et al. 2018

JASMR

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The Flight 93 National Memorial is located in Somerset Co., near Shanksville, PA. The site was surfaced mined and much of the 890 ha of reclaimed land was re-contoured and seeded in the mid 1990's. Starting in the spring 2012, the National Park Service, Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, and others have worked to reforest sections of the total area using native woody trees and shrubs. Each spring for the past six years (2012-17) over 500 volunteers planted a new section, which we have defined as a "Phase," of the National Memorial. The Flight 93 National Memorial Reforestation Project was established to evaluate reforestation success and provide data to drive future management decisions. Specifically, this work aims to: O1) Determine abundance and percent stocking for each of the 34 native, woody species planted across the six Phases; O2) evaluate growth of woody plants; and O3) describe level of competing vegetation across each phase. Two hundred and sixteen permanent, fixed radius plots were established randomly throughout the six planting phases with the goal to maintain a minimum target sampling intensity of 10%. Percent stocking, growth, and deer browse data were collected for all planted trees and shrubs within the sampling plots. Competition data was collected using 1 m 2 rectangular sub-plots nested within whole-plot. Of the 102,393 trees and shrubs (1,792 trees ha-1) planted at The Flight 93 National Memorial we sampled a total of 8,673 individual trees and shrubs. Total percent stocking across all six planting Phases was 74.5% ranging from 40-121% within individual Phases, with natural regeneration driving stocking levels above 100% in one of the planting phases. Greatest plant growth was observed in the conifer species with white pine and pitch pine driving this pattern. Among the deciduous trees we observed the greatest growth among the early successional species such as quaking aspen and black locust. Overall, 88% of all plants showed no sign of deer browse, however, this rate is expected to increase as the plants emerge above the competing vegetation. Competing vegetation across all six planting phases was dominated by grasses, sedges, and herbaceous dicots and constitutes the largest limitation to woody plant establishment.

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“…Grassland reclamation falls under SMCRA, but has led to higher rates of soil compaction and the proliferation of widespread ground covers that slow the natural encroachment of forests (e.g., Angel et al 2009;Groninger et al 2007). The groundcover vegetation commonly used in grassland reclamation are often low diversity and exotic cool season grasses and forbs, that tend to form denser biomass cover, are shallow rooted, and aggressive (e.g., Cavender et al 2014;Bauman et al 2015;Swab et al 2017).…”

Section: Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (Smcra)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Forestry Reclamation Approach: Measuring Sediment Mass Accumulation Rates in Reclaimed Mine Lands and Naturally Regenerated Logged Forests of Eastern Kentucky

Bond¹

2019

Geological Society of America Abstracts With Programs

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Plant community development following restoration treatments on a legacy reclaimed mine site

Cited by 26 publications

References 49 publications

Abiotic and Biotic Factors in Coal Mine Soils Influence Ectomycorrhizal Composition and Symbiosis

Abiotic and Biotic Factors in Coal Mine Soils Influence Ectomycorrhizal Composition and Symbiosis

Flight 93 National Memorial Reforestation Project: Survival and Growth of Native Woody Plants Established on Reclaimed Mineland

The Forestry Reclamation Approach: Measuring Sediment Mass Accumulation Rates in Reclaimed Mine Lands and Naturally Regenerated Logged Forests of Eastern Kentucky

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