Plant distribution can be reflected by the different growth and morphological responses to water level and shade in two emergent macrophyte seedlings in the Sanjiang Plain

Liu, Feng; Li, Youzhi; Qin, Hongyan; Xie, Yonghong

doi:10.1007/s10452-010-9334-8

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…This finding reinforces the hypothesis that other density-dependent mechanisms, such as competition for space and/or nutrients, are more important than light attenuation. However, Urochloa arrecta showed the greatest elongation when grown with P. cordata , which is in accordance with the findings of studies on both terrestrial (e.g., [37]) and aquatic macrophytes (e.g., [40]–[41]) showing that non-native plants growing under light-limiting conditions exhibit increased elongation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Native Macrophyte Density and Richness Affect the Invasiveness of a Tropical Poaceae Species

2013

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The role of the native species richness and density in ecosystem invasibility is a matter of concern for both ecologists and managers. We tested the hypothesis that the invasiveness of Urochloa arrecta (non-native in the Neotropics) is negatively affected by the species richness and abundance of native aquatic macrophytes in freshwater ecosystems. We first created four levels of macrophyte richness in a greenhouse (richness experiment), and we then manipulated the densities of the same native species in a second experiment (density experiment). When the native macrophytes were adults, fragments of U. arrecta were added, and their growth was assessed. Our results from the richness experiment corroborated the hypothesis of a negative relationship between the native species richness and the growth of U. arrecta, as measured by sprout length and root biomass. However, the resistance to invasion was not attributed to the presence of a particular native species with a greater competitive ability. In the density experiment, U. arrecta growth decreased significantly with an increased density of all five of the native species. Density strongly affected the performance of the Poaceae in a negative manner, suggesting that patches that are densely colonized by native macrophytes and less subject to disturbances will be more resistant to invasion than those that are poorly colonized and more commonly subjected to disturbances. Our density experiment also showed that some species exhibit a higher competitive ability than others (sampling effect). Although native richness and abundance clearly limit the colonization and establishment of U. arrecta, these factors cannot completely prevent the invasion of aquatic ecosystems by this Poaceae species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Native Macrophyte Density and Richness Affect the Invasiveness of a Tropical Poaceae Species

2013

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“…Considerably reduced relative growth rate and elongation rate were found in plants grown under low irradiance of 20 μmol m −2 s −1 if compared with plants grown under 100 and 300 μmol m −2 s −1 (Li et al . ).…”

Section: Structure and Physiologymentioning

confidence: 97%

Biological Flora of the British Isles:Phragmites australis

et al. 2017

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Summary1. This account presents comprehensive information on the biology of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (P. communis Trin.; common reed) that is relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors and to the abiotic environment, plant structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, herbivores and diseases, as well as history including invasive spread in other regions, and conservation. 2. Phragmites australis is a cosmopolitan species native to the British flora and widespread in lowland habitats throughout, from the Shetland archipelago to southern England. It is widespread throughout Ireland and is native in the Channel Islands. Native populations occur naturally in temperate zones and on every continent except Antarctica. Some populations in Australia and North America have been introduced from elsewhere and have become naturalized, and in North America, some of these are known to be invasive where they compete with native local populations of P. australis. Typical habitats in Britain range from shallow still water along waterbody edges to marshlands, saltmarshes and drier habitat on slopes up to 470 m above sea level. Additional habitats outside Britain are springs in arid areas, riverine lowlands (À5 m above sea level) and groundwater seepage points up to 3600 m above sea level. Although it occurs on a wide range of substrates and can tolerate pH from 2Á5 to 9Á8, in Britain it prefers pH >4Á5 and elsewhere it thrives in mildly acidic to mildly basic conditions (pH 5Á5-7Á5). The species plays a pivotal role in the successional transition from open water to woodland. 3. Phragmites australis is a tall, helophytic, wind-pollinated grass with annual shoots up to 5 m above-ground level from an extensive system of rhizomes and stolons. A single silky inflorescence develops at the end of each fertile stem and produces 500-2000 seeds. The plant is highly variable genetically and morphologically. 4. Expansion of established populations is mainly through clonal growth of the horizontal rhizome system and ground-surface stolons, while new populations can establish from rhizomes, stem fragments and seeds. Shoots generally emerge in spring, with timing determined primarily by physiology that is mediated by external conditions (e.g. local climate including frost).*Nomenclature of vascular plants follows Stace (2010). This account supersedes that of Phragmites communis by Haslam (1972).

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“…Therefore, the duration and frequency of flooding had greater influences on plant species establishment compared with flooding depth (Casanova & Brock ). In a controlled experiment on two wetland species from the Sanjiang Plain, the largest freshwater marsh in China, P. australis seedling biomass, mean relative growth rate, height, and mean relative elongation rate were lower in a single flooding treatment (Li et al ). In this study, alternate flooding–drought condition (FD) enhanced plant growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of alternate flooding–drought conditions on degenerated Phragmites australis salt marsh in Northeast China

Wen

Yang

et al. 2017

Restoration Ecology

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The hydrological regime is the dominant factor associated with the degradation and restoration of inland salt marshes in Northeast China. This study investigates whether alternate flooding–drought conditions could be used to actively restore degraded inland salt marshes with the native plant Phragmites australis. Pot experiments were designed to examine changes in the growth and physiology of P. australis, as well as the saline–alkaline soil characteristics, in response to different hydrological regimes, alternate flooding–drought treatments, and single treatments of moisture, flooding, and drought. After 4 months of treatments, the P. australis population that grew in alternate flooding–drought conditions exhibited substantially more biomass accumulation and less Na+ absorption compared with the single treatments of moisture, flooding, and drought. Photosynthesis physiology served as regulating and adaptive responses to different water regimes, with increased values after the short‐term flooding, long‐term drought, and flooding–drought cycles. In addition, the saline–alkaline soil properties changed in response to the flooding–drought cycles. The flooding–drought cycles increased organic matter and total nitrogen contents, but decreased pH, electrical conductivity, and saline ion levels. Plant growth and saline–alkaline soil were improved by flooding–drought cycles (not drought–flooding cycles), which suggests that this may be an effective approach for restoration inland salt marshes.

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Plant distribution can be reflected by the different growth and morphological responses to water level and shade in two emergent macrophyte seedlings in the Sanjiang Plain

Cited by 31 publications

References 28 publications

Native Macrophyte Density and Richness Affect the Invasiveness of a Tropical Poaceae Species

Native Macrophyte Density and Richness Affect the Invasiveness of a Tropical Poaceae Species

Biological Flora of the British Isles:Phragmites australis

Effects of alternate flooding–drought conditions on degenerated Phragmites australis salt marsh in Northeast China

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