Plant DNA Topoisomerases: Structure, Function, and Cellular Roles in Plant Development

Singh, Bharat; Sopory, Sudhir K.; Reddy, M. K.

doi:10.1080/07352680490452816

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 184 publications

(194 reference statements)

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“…To investigate possible connections between the dynamic states of chromatin and the cell cycle-dependent changes in the abundance of Topo II, immunofluorescence analyses were made using the method described previously by Levi et al (1994). As shown before (Singh et al, 2004;Breuer et al, 2007), plant type II topoisomerases share some degree of homology with the amino acid sequences of the animal counterparts, especially in a few conserved functional domains (e.g., Spo11 and Bin4). The SDS-NuPAGE/Western blot analysis of the total extract from onion root tip cells and the procedure of Topo II immunoprecipitation revealed one protein band close to 53 kDa (Figure 4).…”

Section: Cell Cycle Dependent Alterations In Nuclear Topo II Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA topoisomerase II‐dependent control of the cell cycle progression in root meristems of Allium cepa

Żabka¹,

Polit²,

Bernasińska³

et al. 2013

Cell Biology International

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The catalytic ability of DNA topoisomerases (Topo) to generate short-term DNA breaks allow these enzymes to play crucial functions in managing DNA topology during S-phase replication, transcription, and chromatin-remodelling processes required to achieve commitment for the onset and transition through mitosis. Our experiments on root meristem cells of onion (Allium cepa) were designed to gain insight into the contribution of Topo II to plant-specific progression throughout interphase and mitosis. Irrespective of the position of the cell in interphase, the immunofluorescence of Topo II revealed similar nuclear labelling pattern with well defined signals dispersed in the nucleoplasm and the cortical zone of the nucleolus. Only weak labelling was detected in metaphase and anaphase chromosomes. Experiments with two potent anti-Topo II agents, doxorubicin (DOX, an anthracycline) and a bisdioxopiperazine derivative, ICRF-193, suggest that the inhibition-mediated increase in Topo II immunofluorescence may represent a compensatory mechanism, by which an up-regulated expression of the enzyme tends to counteract the drug-induced loss of indispensable catalytic and relaxation functions. γ-H2AX immunolabelling seems to indicate that both DOX- and ICRF-193-induced alterations in cell cycle progression reflect primarily the activity of the G2/M DNA damage checkpoint. Our findings provide evidence for the plant-specific cell cycle control mechanism induced by Topo II inhibitors under DNA stress conditions.

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Section: Cell Cycle Dependent Alterations In Nuclear Topo II Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA topoisomerase II‐dependent control of the cell cycle progression in root meristems of Allium cepa

Żabka¹,

Polit²,

Bernasińska³

et al. 2013

Cell Biology International

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“…Although the essential role played by topo I in proliferation events occurring during plant growth and development has been demonstrated (Singh et al 2004), several questions concerning other topo I functions in planta remain still open.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase gene family in Medicago truncatula Gaertn.: bioinformatic investigation and expression profiles in response to copper- and PEG-mediated stress

Macovei

Balestrazzi

Confalonieri

et al. 2010

Planta

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The Tdp1 gene encoding tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase has been extensively investigated in animal cells, due to the role of this enzyme in the repair of topoisomerase I-DNA covalent lesions. In contrast, information in this regard is totally missing in plants. We report for the first time in plants on the Tdp1 gene family from barrel medic (Medicago truncatula Gaertn.), composed of two members, hereby named MtTdp1alpha and MtTdp1beta. The expression profiles of MtTdp1alpha and MtTdp1beta genes were evaluated in plantlets grown in vitro using copper and polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) as stress agents. In situ detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was carried out by histochemical staining, while the level of oxidative DNA damage, quantified in terms of 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxo-dG), increased up to 7.4- and 6.7-fold in response to copper and PEG 6000 treatments, respectively. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that both Tdp1 genes were significantly up-regulated in response to copper and PEG. The Tdp1 genes were also significantly up-regulated during seed rehydration, an aspect of seed physiology in which DNA repair is a key component. Thus, the Tdp1 genes might be used as novel tools for improving stress tolerance in crops. The expression patterns of the barrel medic top1alpha and top1beta genes, encoding distinct isoforms of DNA topoisomerase I, were also analyzed and discussed to acquire additional information on their specific functions, closely related to that of the Tdp1 gene in animal cells.

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“…Isolations and studies of the DNA topoisomese II gene from plants have also been performed in plants from the genus Arabidopsis (Makarevitch and Somers, 2005), peas (Reddy et al 1999) and tobacco (Singh et al 2004). However, the reported strategies to extract the enzymes from plants are not sustainable and are contrary to the green practices in our country.…”

Section: The Perspectives Of Our Current Researchmentioning

confidence: 98%

New molecular biologist perspective and insight: DNA topoisomerases production by recombinant DNA technology for medical laboratory application and pharmaceutical industry

Chan¹,

Fadzil²,

Chew³

et al. 2013

Electron. J. Biotechnol.

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DNA topoisomerases are essential enzymes that control the topological state of DNA replication during mitosis. These enzymes are classified based on their mechanisms and physical properties. During mitosis, superhelical DNA must be unwound or relaxed by DNA topoisomerases prior to a decoding step by DNA processing enzymes, such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. By blocking the reaction of resealing the breaks in the DNA ultimately can result in cellular death. Compounds that inhibit the catalytic function of these enzymes can serve as potential anticancer agents. DNA topoisomerases are found in nature and used as high quality and well-validated targets for the screening of potential anticancer agents. Our current work focuses on determining potential anticancer agents from natural resources using DNA topoisomerases as the screening targets. Large scale production of these enzymes using recombinant DNA technology in our academic laboratory is utilised to avoid dependence on expensive commercially available enzymes. The in-house produced enzymes can also be used to enhance our research in the field of molecular medicine by providing an enzyme source that can be used to screen potential anticancer agents, and for other newly developed diagnostic and medical research projects in the near future as well as a step in moving our efforts into the industrial sector.

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Plant DNA Topoisomerases: Structure, Function, and Cellular Roles in Plant Development

Cited by 32 publications

References 184 publications

DNA topoisomerase II‐dependent control of the cell cycle progression in root meristems of Allium cepa

DNA topoisomerase II‐dependent control of the cell cycle progression in root meristems of Allium cepa

The tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase gene family in Medicago truncatula Gaertn.: bioinformatic investigation and expression profiles in response to copper- and PEG-mediated stress

New molecular biologist perspective and insight: DNA topoisomerases production by recombinant DNA technology for medical laboratory application and pharmaceutical industry

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