Plant electrical memory

Molecular Electronics of theDionaea muscipulatrap

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The existence of different forms of plant memory is well known. 7 Depending on the duration of memory retention, there are three types of memory in plants: sensory memory, short term memory and long term memory.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The existence of different forms of plant memory is well known. 7 Depending on the duration of memory retention, there are three types of memory in plants: sensory memory, short term memory and long term memory. 2,7,10 Learning and memory, usually associated with brain or neuronal activity, have been observed recently in the amoeba Physarum polycephalum, a unicellular organism.…”

Plants on the move: Towards common mechanisms governing mechanically-induced plant movements

“…48 As in legume pulvini, the movement of the Venus flytrap lobes is caused by changes in cell volume of opposing tissue groups by differential water flow linked to ion fluxes. 45 Nevertheless, despite the fact that researchers have investigated the mechanisms by which the trap closes so fast, only in the past 6 y, the dynamic of the movement started to become more clear, notably thanks to Forterre et al and Volkov et al 43,44,46,[50][51][52][53] Forterre et al divided the Venus flytrap movement into two components: an active biochemical component, pertinent to the mechanisms causing microscopic changes, and a passive elastic component, which is the macroscopic closing process determined by the doubly-curved leaf. A difference in turgor pressure constantly maintained between the upper and the lower cell layers of the leaf provides elastic curvature energy storage locked in the leaves.…”

“…44,50 Furthermore, it was demonstrated that this plant has a short-term electrical memory by the fact that it can accumulate previously applied small electrical charges, closing the trap when a threshold value is reached. 51,52 Species from the carnivorous plant genera Drosera and Pinguicula have sticky, highly modified colorful leaves that are capable to move acting like small insect traps (Fig. 3C-E).…”

The theater management model of plant memory

“…15 In Nicotiana plumbaginifolia seedlings, a wind stimulus also results in a transient increase in cytosolic calcium but repeated wind stimuli lead to a reduction in the amplitude of the corresponding calcium transients. 16 Other examples include the summing of electrical stimuli in the Venus flytrap, 17 the interpretation of gravitropic stimulation in graminean coleoptiles 18 and the adaptation of the phosphate uptake system by the history of phosphate levels in Anabaena variabilis.…”